Short-term air pollution exposure decreases lung function: a repeated measures study in healthy adults

Table 3 Estimated change in lung function parameters associated with a 10 μg/m³ increase in air pollutant exposure

	PM₁₀		NO₂		O₃ – warm season
	Estimated change (95% CI)	p-value	Estimated change (95% CI)	p-value	Estimated change (95% CI)	p-value
Same-day (lag 0)
FVC, ml	−18.9 (−27.5 to − 10.3)	<0.0001	−9.8 (−24.1 to 4.6)	0.18	−7.0 (−16.6 to 15.2)	0.93
FEV1, ml	−12.8 (−19.1 to − 6.5)	<0.0001	−13.8 (−24.2 to − 3.5)	0.009	4.1 (−8.0 to 16.2)	0.51
FEV1/FVC, %	0.072 (0.02 to 0.17)	0.14	−0.14 (−0.31 to 0.27)	0.10	0.09 (−0.07 to 0.26)	0.26
PEF, ml/s	−51.4 (−75.0 to − 27.7)	<0.0001	−66.1 (−106.6 to − 25.6)	0.001	41.0 (−1.0 to 83.0)	0.06
One day before (lag 1)
FVC, ml	−23.0 (−31.4 to − 14.6)	<0.0001	−5.6 (−19.4 to 8.3)	0.43	−14.2 (−29.1 to 0.67)	0.06
FEV1, ml	−15.8 (−21.9 to − 9.6)	<0.0001	−8.8 (−18.7 to 1.2)	0.08	−9.0 (−20.2 to 2.2)	0.12
FEV1/FVC, %	0.089 (−0.00439 to 0.18)	0.06	−0.07 (−0.23 to 0.094)	0.42	0.073 (−0.08 to 0.23)	0.36
PEF, ml/s	−56.6 (−79.9 to − 33.4)	<0.0001	−66.0 (−104.4 to − 27.6)	0.0008	−9.9 (−48.9 to 29.0)	0.62
Two days before (lag 2)
FVC, ml	−17.8 (−26.6 to − 9.0)	<0.0001	−3.7 (−16.9 to 9.4)	0.58	−10.9 (−24.8 to 3.0)	0.12
FEV1, ml	−10.7 (−17.1 to − 4.3)	0.001	−9.7 (−19.0 to −4.0)	0.04	−5.2 (−15.6 to 5.3)	0.33
FEV1/FVC, %	0.12 (0.02 to 0.22)	0.016	−0.10 (−0.26 to 0.05)	0.19	0.10 (−0.05 to 0.25)	0.20
PEF, ml/s	−36.3 (−60.5 to − 12.1)	0.003	−99.0 (−135.8 to − 22.1)	<0.0001	−10.9 (−46.9 to 25.1)	0.55

Analyses adjusted for sex, age, age², body mass index, smoking status, quality grade of the lung function test, apparent temperature, hour of the day, day of the week, month and year of the clinical visit. FVC Forced Vital Capacity, FEV1 Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 s, PEF Peak Expiratory Flow, PM ₁₀ particulate matter with diameter < 10 μm, NO ₂ nitrogen dioxide, O ₃ ozone. Warm season: May–September. P-values < 0.01 are considered significant and are indicated in bold

ISSN: 1476-069X