Table 6 Hazard ratios and 95% CI for the associations of incident COPD, adult-onset asthma, and lung cancer with an IQR increase in each pollutant by age and sex in Toronto, Canada
Covariates | No. of cases | UFPs | PM2.5 | NO2 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | ||||||
COPD | |||||||||||
Age | <60 | 28,854 | 1.07 | 1.04 | 1.11 | 1.05 | 1.02 | 1.08 | 1.14 | 1.11 | 1.17 |
60–74 | 32,092 | 1.00 | 0.97 | 1.03 | 1.06 | 1.03 | 1.08 | 1.08 | 1.06 | 1.11 | |
> = 75 | 13,597 | 1.01 | 0.98 | 1.04 | 1.08 | 1.05 | 1.11 | 1.02 | 0.99 | 1.05 | |
Sex | Men | 39,111 | 1.04 | 1.01 | 1.06 | 1.07 | 1.05 | 1.10 | 1.10 | 1.07 | 1.14 |
Women | 35,432 | 1.06 | 1.03 | 1.08 | 1.06 | 1.04 | 1.09 | 1.10 | 1.05 | 1.14 | |
Asthma | |||||||||||
Age | <60 | 58,934 | 1.01 | 1.00 | 1.02 | 1.01 | 0.99 | 1.03 | 1.04 | 1.02 | 1.06 |
60–74 | 21,754 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 1.02 | 1.04 | 1.02 | 1.07 | 1.03 | 1.01 | 1.05 | |
Sex | > = 75 | 6453 | 1.01 | 0.97 | 1.05 | 1.02 | 0.98 | 1.06 | 1.00 | 0.97 | 1.04 |
Men | 35,019 | 1.02 | 1.00 | 1.04 | 1.02 | 1.00 | 1.03 | 1.03 | 1.01 | 1.04 | |
Women | 52,122 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 1.01 | 1.03 | 1.01 | 1.04 | 1.03 | 1.01 | 1.05 | |
Lung Cancer | |||||||||||
Age | <60 | 5891 | 1.00 | 0.96 | 1.04 | 1.04 | 1.01 | 1.08 | 1.04 | 1.01 | 1.08 |
60–74 | 5969 | 1.00 | 0.97 | 1.03 | 1.05 | 1.03 | 1.08 | 1.07 | 1.04 | 1.10 | |
Sex | > = 75 | 1048 | 1.01 | 0.93 | 1.09 | 1.04 | 0.98 | 1.10 | 1.02 | 0.93 | 1.10 |
Men | 7085 | 1.00 | 0.96 | 1.04 | 1.06 | 1.02 | 1.09 | 1.09 | 1.05 | 1.12 | |
Women | 5823 | 0.98 | 0.93 | 1.03 | 1.06 | 1.03 | 1.10 | 1.06 | 1.02 | 1.10 | |