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Table 3 Odds of Tanner stage >1 or TV >3 ml associated with an IQR increase in trimester-specific, SG-corrected in utero urinary phthalate metabolite or BPA concentrationa

From: Impact of phthalate and BPA exposure during in utero windows of susceptibility on reproductive hormones and sexual maturation in peripubertal males

 

Visit 1 (n = 90)

Visit 2 (n = 89)

Visit 3 (n = 105)

Prenatal GM (n = 106)

 

OR/IQR (95% CI)

OR/IQR (95% CI)

OR/IQR (95% CI)

OR/IQR (95% CI)

Genital Development

 BPA

0.71 (0.39, 1.28)

1.41 (0.78, 2.54)

0.93 (0.53, 1.61)

1.04 (0.5, 2.14)

 MBzP

0.95 (0.58, 1.55)

0.98 (0.57, 1.68)

0.71 (0.37, 1.36)

0.75 (0.37, 1.51)

 MCPP

1.2 (0.61, 2.36)

1.16 (0.53, 2.54)

0.97 (0.53, 1.77)

1.14 (0.48, 2.73)

 MEP

1.5 (0.79, 2.85)

1.17 (0.56, 2.48)

1.09 (0.58, 2.03)

1.27 (0.58, 2.81)

 ΣDEHP

0.99 (0.56, 1.74)

0.85 (0.46, 1.57)

0.71 (0.4, 1.29)

0.77 (0.37, 1.62)

 ΣDBP

0.77 (0.47, 1.27)

0.86 (0.48, 1.52)

0.59 (0.31, 1.13)

0.57 (0.27, 1.21)

Pubic Hair

 BPA

0.2 (0.02, 2.76)

1.1 (0.31, 3.9)

0.42 (0.13, 1.36)

0.72 (0.19, 2.73)

 MBzP

0.13 (0.01, 1.56)

0.99 (0.26, 3.73)

0.18 (0.03, 0.97)*

0.31 (0.1, 0.93)*

 MCPP

0.33 (0.02, 4.72)

5.99 (0.5, 72.02)

0.47 (0.16, 1.37)

0.5 (0.11, 2.26)

 MEP

2.04 (0.36, 11.58)

1.31 (0.22, 7.85)

0.44 (0.15, 1.24)

0.52 (0.17, 1.6)

 ΣDEHP

0 (0, 542.1)

2.22 (0.28, 17.34)

0.27 (0.07, 0.99)*

0.16 (0.03, 1.02)

 ΣDBP

0.28 (0.02, 3.85)

2.68 (0.48, 15.08)

0.36 (0.13, 1.06)

0.39 (0.11, 1.42)

Testicular Volume

 BPA

1.28 (0.67, 2.45)

2.01 (0.94, 4.28)

1.34 (0.68, 2.66)

2.29 (0.87, 5.98)

 MBzP

0.7 (0.39, 1.23)

0.62 (0.3, 1.29)

0.73 (0.33, 1.6)

0.4 (0.16, 1)*

 MCPP

0.56 (0.25, 1.27)

1.59 (0.6, 4.23)

1.03 (0.5, 2.12)

1.07 (0.36, 3.19)

 MEP

1.33 (0.64, 2.76)

0.75 (0.31, 1.86)

1.32 (0.6, 2.91)

1.16 (0.44, 3.06)

 ΣDEHP

1.21 (0.64, 2.3)

0.99 (0.49, 2)

1.5 (0.75, 3)

1.94 (0.7, 5.34)

 ΣDBP

1 (0.54, 1.84)

1.66 (0.85, 3.25)

0.88 (0.44, 1.75)

1.35 (0.54, 3.4)

  1. *p < 0.05
  2. aAdjusted for child age and BMI z-score