Fig. 8

Hemolytic potential of selected volcanic ash samples. Dose-dependent hemolysis as a percentage of complete cell lysis (0.1% Triton X-100) for human red blood cells treated with 0.31 to 1 mg ml−1 sample concentrations of volcanic ash. TiO2 and DQ12 (quartz) are negative and positive particle controls, respectively. Error bars are the standard error of the mean (n = 3)