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Table 3 Cumulative average radon and breast cancer risk stratified by region of residence in NHSII

From: Environmental radon exposure and breast cancer risk in the Nurses’ Health Study II

 

Invasive breast cancer

ER+/PR+

ER−/PR-

Stratification variablea

Cases/p-years

HR (95% CI)b

p int.

Cases/p-years

HR (95% CI)b

p int.

Cases/p-years

HR (95% CI)b

p int.

Region of residence

  

0.0002

  

0.13

  

0.45

 Northeast

  Radon tertile 1

198/110,392

Referent

 

94/110,506

Referent

 

22/110,559

Referent

 

  Radon tertile 2

665/376,841

1.05 (0.90, 1.23)

 

356/377,134

1.19 (0.95, 1.50)

 

72/377,377

0.96 (0.60, 1.56)

 

  Radon tertile 3

494/341,830

0.83 (0.70, 0.99)

 

262/342,049

0.96 (0.76, 1.23)

 

69/342,242

0.91 (0.56, 1.49)

 

 Midwest

  Radon tertile 1

158/105,523

Referent

 

87/105,584

Referent

 

14/105,661

Referent

 

  Radon tertile 2

441/311,230

0.96 (0.80, 1.15)

 

241/311,433

0.95 (0.74, 1.21)

 

73/311,597

1.77 (1.00, 3.14)

 

  Radon tertile 3

616/391,334

1.09 (0.91, 1.29)

 

301/391,619

0.96 (0.76, 1.22)

 

96/391,793

1.86 (1.06, 3.26)

 

 West

  Radon tertile 1

504/308,674

Referent

 

279/308,883

Referent

 

62/309,064

Referent

 

  Radon tertile 2

94/48,620

1.19 (0.95, 1.49)

 

59/48,653

1.41 (1.06, 1.89)

 

8/48,713

0.72 (0.34, 1.53)

 

  Radon tertile 3

53/20,194

1.47 (1.10, 1.97)

 

23/20,223

1.22 (0.80, 1.88)

 

7/20,239

1.52 (0.69, 3.37)

 

 South

  Radon tertile 1

464/300,872

Referent

 

224/301,096

Referent

 

50/301,245

Referent

 

  Radon tertile 2

158/102,885

0.95 (0.79, 1.14)

 

76/102,968

0.95 (0.73, 1.23)

 

23/103,014

1.27 (0.77, 2.10)

 

  Radon tertile 3

110/77,355

0.91 (0.74, 1.13)

 

64/77,389

1.11 (0.84, 1.47)

 

17/77,433

1.26 (0.72, 2.19)

 
  1. Abbreviations: p int. p-value for interaction, p-years person-years
  2. a Radon tertile 1: <33.3 Bq/m3; tertile 2: ≥33.3–57.4 Bq/m3; tertile 3: ≥57.4 Bq/m3
  3. b Models are not adjusted for the stratifying variable. Models are adjusted for age, race, Census tract median home value, Census tract median income, marital status, living arrangements, individual-level income, family history of breast cancer, screening mammography, personal history of biopsy-confirmed BBD, age at menarche, parity, age at first birth, lactation, menopausal status and hormone use (among postmenopausal women only), height, BMI at age 18, change in BMI since age 18, smoking status, physical activity, adult alcohol consumption, PM2.5, population density