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Table 1 Summary statistics

From: Socioeconomic and urban-rural differentials in exposure to air pollution and mortality burden in England

 

All areas

Urban areas

Rural areas

Residential postcodes: n (%)

1,202,578

886,683

315,895

(100%)

(74%)

(26%)

LSOA: n (%)

32,179

26,632

5557

(100%)

(83%)

(17%)

Population in mid-2006: n (%)

52,122,136

43,140,763

8,981,373

(100%)

(83%)

(17%)

2010 annual mean concentration (arithmetic mean), μg/m3: mean (sd)

Total PM2.5

9.21 (0.71)

9.32 (0.66)

8.89 (0.75)

Nitrate PM2.5

1.91 (0.25)

1.90 (0.23)

1.95 (0.31)

Sulphate PM2.5

1.49 (0.17)

1.51 (0.17)

1.42 (0.17)

Primary PM2.5

1.44 (0.39)

1.55 (0.37)

1.12 (0.27)

PM2.5–10

7.98 (0.63)

7.97 (0.53)

8.01 (0.84)

PM10

17.19 (0.92)

17.29 (0.86)

16.89 (1.01)

O3

68.46 (3.54)

67.66 (3.47)

70.69 (2.68)

2010 annual mean concentration (population-weighted mean), μg/m3

Total PM2.5

9.30

9.37

8.95

Nitrate PM2.5

1.91

1.90

1.97

Sulphate PM2.5

1.50

1.51

1.44

Primary PM2.5

1.51

1.58

1.15

PM2.5–10

7.96

7.96

7.97

PM10

17.26

17.33

16.92

O3

68.04

67.53

70.46