Table 1 Maternal and neighborhood characteristics of births occurring in California before and after power plant retirement by area bin around power plants between 2001 and 2011

Characteristic

0-5 km

5-10 km

10-20 km

0-5 km

5-10 km

10-20 km

N (%)

4329 (15)

8069 (28)

16,581 (57)

4668 (16)

8400 (28)

16,862 (56)

Fertility rate (live births per 1000 women aged 15–44 years per year), median (IQR)

38 (24–63)

32 (28–50)

35 (20–62)

42 (33–74)

35 (30–57)

29 (23–64)

Maternal characteristics

Percent > 30 years of age, median (IQR)

27 (16–38)

37 (31–84)

38 (31–49)

31 (23–52)

35 (28–54)

40 (20–50)

Percent Hispanic, median (IQR)

50 (26–70)

38 (16–57)

37 (19–48)

58 (28–81)

37 (7–61)

36 (25–46)

Percent non-Hispanic Black, median (IQR)

3.3 (0.1–6.6)

2.6 (0.1–7.5)

3.8

(0.7–10.7)

7.2

(2.3–11.4)

2.3

(0.1–9.1)

3.7

(0.1–12.3)

Percent with high school degree or less, median (IQR)

64 (50–85)

48 (14–68)

44 (31–54)

64 (48–77)

56 (33–87)

42 (33–54)

Neighborhood characteristics^a

Percent living below federal poverty threshold, median (IQR)

20 (15–26)

13 (7–22)

15 (10–19)

18 (16–23)

14 (8–14)

16 (10–20)

Percent with < high school diploma or equivalent, median (IQR)

19 (12–21)

16 (10–19)

12 (6–14)

18 (13–20)

14 (12–19)

12 (6–14)

Annual foreclosures, median (IQR)

1 (0–7)

3 (0–21)

2 (0–18)

3 (0–5)

6 (0–39)

1 (1–50)