Associations between ambient air temperature, low birth weight and small for gestational age in term neonates in southern Israel

Table 3 Associations between Mutually-Adjusted Trimester-specific Ta, tLBW and SGA in Singleton Term Infants, Southern Israel, 2004–2013

Outcome	Ta Exposure Category	1st trimester	2nd trimester	3rd trimester
tLBW	Lowest quartile^a	0.92 (0.75–1.13)	0.94 (0.74–1.18)	1.17 (0.92–1.49)
	Intermediate quartiles	Reference	Reference	Reference
	Highest quartile^a	1.03 (0.82–1.31)	1.14 (0.92–1.41)	1.02 (0.92–1.12)
SGA	Lowest quartile^a	1.02 (0.92–1.12)	0.95 (0.85–1.06)	1.17 (1.05–1.31)
	Intermediate quartiles	Reference	Reference	Reference
	Highest quartile^a	0.82 (0.73–0.92)	0.94 (0.85–1.04)	0.95 (0.85–1.05)

^aExposure quartiles were calculated for each trimester separately. 1st trimester: lowest: < 14.9, Highest: > 24.1. 2nd and 3rd trimesters: lowest: < 15.6, Highest: > 24.7. (All values are in centigrade)
Ta Average ambient air temperature, tLBW term low birth weight, SGA small for gestational age. Trimester-specific exposures were adjusted for calendar month, year of birth, particulate matter < 2.5 μm (PM_2.5), maternal age at birth, gravidity, parity, ethnicity, newborn sex, census-level poverty index and population density, and mutually adjusted for each other