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Table 3 Invasive breast cancer risk associated with serum PFAS concentrations among 1760 study participants

From: Breast cancer risk and serum levels of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances: a case-control study nested in the California Teachers Study

PFAS Serum Concentration

# cases

Crudea

OR (95% CI)

p-valueb

Adjustedc

OR (95% CI)

p-valueb

PFOA

 Low

331

1.00 (ref)

0.32

1.00 (ref)

0.54

 Medium

298

0.904 (0.718, 1.139)

0.901 (0.705, 1.152)

 High

273

0.888 (0.698, 1.130)

0.925 (0.715, 1.197)

 log [PFOA, ng/mL]

902

0.718 (0.499, 1.034)

0.08

0.733 (0.496, 1.081)

0.11

PFNA

 Low

285

1.00 (ref)

0.48

1.00 (ref)

0.79

 Medium

297

1.083 (0.855, 1.371)

1.043 (0.808, 1.345)

 High

289

1.091 (0.859, 1.384)

1.037 (0.798, 1.348)

 log [PFNA, ng/mL]

871d

0.990 (0.724, 1.354)

0.95

0.880 (0.624, 1.240)

0.46

PFUnDA

 Low

312

1.00 (ref)

0.11

1.00 (ref)

0.08

 Medium

335

1.080 (0.859, 1.357)

1.106 (0.866, 1.413)

 High

255

0.817 (0.642, 1.039)

0.786 (0.605, 1.020)

 log [PFUnDA, ng/mL]

902

0.855 (0.668, 1.094)

0.22

0.855 (0.653, 1.118)

0.25

PFHxS

 Low

363

1.00 (ref)

0.02

1.00 (ref)

0.08

 Medium

263

0.734 (0.580, 0.930)

0.798 (0.621, 1.025)

 High

276

0.762 (0.598, 0.970)

0.801 (0.619, 1.035)

 log [PFHxS, ng/mL]

902

0.780 (0.583, 1.042)

0.09

0.811 (0.596, 1.104)

0.18

PFOS

 Low

318

1.00 (ref)

0.60

1.00 (ref)

0.41

 Medium

297

0.955 (0.757, 1.206)

0.883 (0.691, 1.129)

 High

287

0.938 (0.738, 1.193)

0.898 (0.695, 1.161)

 log [PFOS, ng/mL]

902

1.011 (0.754, 1.356)

0.94

0.934 (0.683, 1.277)

0.67

MeFOSAA

 Low

349

1.00 (ref)

0.07

1.00 (ref)

0.29

 Medium

278

0.804 (0.638, 1.014)

0.847 (0.663, 1.083)

 High

275

0.812 (0.644, 1.026)

0.877 (0.682, 1.126)

 log [MeFOSAA, ng/mL]

902

0.873 (0.715, 1.066)

0.18

0.960 (0.774, 1.191)

0.71

  1. OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval
  2. aCrude ORs adjusted for matching design variables of age at baseline enrollment, race/ethnicity, and region of residence
  3. bfor the categorical analysis, the p-values represent a test for linear trend with tertiles of PFAS modeled as a 3-level ordinal variable; for the continuous PFAS term, the p-value represents the p-value of the Wald-statistic for the β-coefficient for the PFAS modeled as a continuous term
  4. cORs adjusted for age at baseline enrollment, race/ethnicity, region of residence, date of blood draw, date of blood draw2, season of blood draw, total smoking pack-years, BMI, family history of breast cancer, age at first full-term pregnancy, menopausal status at blood draw, and pork consumption
  5. d PFNA excludes n = 40 with non-reportable serum value, (cases: n = 31; controls: n = 9)