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Table 11 Effects of glyphosate or Roundup Bioflow exposure on hormone ratios in females

From: The Ramazzini Institute 13-week pilot study glyphosate-based herbicides administered at human-equivalent dose to Sprague Dawley rats: effects on development and endocrine system

Hormone ratios (ng/ml)

6 week cohort

13 week cohort

Control

Glyphosate

Roundup

Control

Glyphosate

Roundup

No. of females examined

8 (8)

8 (8)

8 (8)

10 (10)

10 (10)

9 (10)

fT/ TT (x 10−3)

9.17 ± 0.48a

8.12 ± 0.55b

11.90 ± 2.37c

19.3 ± 5.20

19.0 ± 2.80

17.0 ± 1.66

DHT/ TT

0.428 ± 0.036

0.481 ± 0.060c

0.718 ± 0.173c

0.794 ± 0.11

0.702 ± 0.10

0.383 ± 0.07d**

E2/ TTe

0.012 ± 0.0003

0.045 ± 0.014

0.066 ± 0.028c

0.019 ± 0.005

0.035 ± 0.012

0.068 ± 0.015d

TT/SHBG (× 10− 4)

7.85 ± 1.02

8.00 ± 1.26

7.81 ± 1.35c

5.35 ± 0.62

7.27 ± 0.98

7.5 ± 0.61*

E2/SHBG (× 10− 5)e

1.69 ± 0.78

3.51 ± 1.00

7.28 ± 2.55

1.90 ± 0.89

2.89 ± 1.41

4.87 ± 1.10 d

  1. *Statistically significant (p < 0.05) with Kruskal-Wallis’ tests
  2. **Statistically significant (p < 0.01) with Kruskal-Wallis’ tests
  3. a6 out 8
  4. b5 out 8
  5. c7 out of 8
  6. d9 out 10
  7. eNot statistically evaluated due to insufficient sample size after clustering on the basis of the estrous cycle