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Table 2 Association Between a 1°C Change in Maximum Temperature and Heat Stress (May – September 2008 –2012)

From: Estimating policy-relevant health effects of ambient heat exposures using spatially contiguous reanalysis data

Demographic Variables and Subgroupsa

Risk Ratio (95% CI)

Age, yearsb

 4 or younger

1.318 (1.217, 1.427)

 5 – 24

1.339 (1.310, 1.369)

 25 – 44

1.372 (1.341, 1.403)

 45 – 64

1.377 (1.345, 1.409)

 65 – 84

1.386 (1.346, 1.427)

 85 or older

1.400 (1.330, 1.474)

Sexb

 Male

1.363 (1.340, 1.386)

 Female

1.370 (1.345, 1.396)

Race/Ethnicityb

 White, Non-Hispanic

1.374 (1.351, 1.397)

 Black, Non-Hispanic

1.338 (1.304, 1.373)

 Hispanic

1.371 (1.330, 1.414)

 Other

1.365 (1.315 1.416)

Monthb

 May

1.373 (1.329, 1.418)

 June

1.370 (1.341, 1.400)

 July

1.361 (1.335, 1.388)

 August

1.388 (1.340, 1.439)

 September

1.326 (1.270, 1.384)

NYC onlyb

1.371 (1.338, 1.405)

Rest of NYSb

 Rural NYS

1.373 (1.302, 1.448)

 Urban NYS excluding NYC

1.362 (1.337, 1.388)

Low Ozone/ Low PM2.5c

1.356 (1.334, 1.379)

High Ozone/ Low PM2.5c

1.287 (1.263, 1.312)

Low Ozone/ High PM2.5c

1.434 (1.405, 1.463)

High Ozone/ High PM2.5c

1.361 (1.342, 1.381)

Unadjusted

1.433 (1.418, 1.448)

Adjusted for PM2.5 only

1.367 (1.348, 1.385)

Adjusted for Ozone only

1.400 (1.382, 1.419)

Adjusted for PM2.5 & Ozone

1.366 (1.347, 1.386)

  1. aAbbreviations: RR Risk Ratio, CI confidence interval
  2. bAdjusted for ozone and PM2.5'
  3. c Low ozone= 33.95ppb (25th percentile), high ozone = 52.56ppb (75th percentile); low PM2.5 = 6.26 μg/m3 (25th percentile), high PM2.5 = 13.06 μg/m3 (75th percentile)