Table 2 Examples of results from radiation epidemiological studies with and without adjusting for exposure estimation errors
From: Methods to account for uncertainties in exposure assessment in studies of environmental exposures
Studies | Exposure | Outcome | Error-correction Method | Measures of Association | Unadjusted risk effect with 95% confidence interval | Adjusted risk effect with 95% confidence interval | Percent change after adjustment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Little et al. (2015) [9] | 131-I thyroid dose | Thyroid cancer | Regression Calibration | Excess odds ratio/Gy | 1.51 (0.53, 3.86) | 1.31 (0.47, 3.31) | −13% |
MCML | Excess odds ratio/Gy | 1.51 (0.53, 3.86) | 1.48 (0.53, 3.87) | − 2% | |||
BMA | Excess odds ratio/Gy | 1.51 (0.53, 3.86) | 1.16 (0.20,4.32) ** | −23% | |||
Land et al. (2015) [8] | External thyroid dose | Thyroid nodules | BMA | Excess relative risk/Gy | 4.16 (0.54, 7.77) | 1.47 (4.1E-05,3.74) ** | −64% |
Internal thyroid dose | BMA | Excess relative risk/Gy | 0.88 (0.24, 1.52) | 3.59 (0.11, 9.73) ** | + 308% | ||
Kesminiene et al. (2008) [64] | Gamma-ray bone marrow dose | Hematological malignancies | MCML | Relative risk at 100 mGy | 0.60 (− 0.02, 2.35)* | 0.60 (− 0.01 2.58)* | 0% |
Stayner et al. (2007) [21] | Gamma-ray whole-body dose | All cancer mortality (excluding leukemia) | MCML | Excess relative risk/Sv | 5.38 (0.54, 12.58)* | 4.82 (0.41, 13.31)* | −10.4% |
Allodji et al. (2015) [50] | Gamma-ray colon dose | Solid cancer deaths | Regression Calibration | Excess relative risk/Gy | 0.43 (0.35, 0.51) | 0.46 (0.38, 0.55) | + 6.7% |
SIMEX | Excess relative risk/Gy | 0.43 (0.35, 0.51) | 0.60 (0.50, 0.69) | + 38.4% | |||
Gamma-ray bone marrow dose | Leukemia deaths | Regression Calibration | Excess relative risk/Gy | 3.86 (2.70, 5.02) | 4.14 (2.90, 5.39) | + 7.3% | |
SIMEX | Excess relative risk/Gy | 3.86 (2.70, 5.02) | 4.62 (3.30, 5.93) | + 19.6% |