| |
Controls
|
HNC overall
|
Oral cavity
|
Oropharynx
|
Hypopharynx
|
Oral cavity, pharynx unspecified
|
Larynx
|
|---|
|
n
|
n
|
ORa (95% CI)
|
n
|
ORa (95% CI)
|
n
|
ORa (95% CI)
|
n
|
ORa (95% CI)
|
n
|
ORa (95% CI)
|
n
|
ORa (95% CI)
|
|---|
|
Exposure to leather dust
|
|
Never exposed b
|
3476
|
2087
|
reference
|
433
|
reference
|
643
|
reference
|
386
|
reference
|
141
|
reference
|
484
|
reference
|
|
Ever exposed c
|
75
|
57
|
0.99 (0.62, 1.56)
|
9
|
0.71 (0.32, 1.58)
|
12
|
0.64 (0.31, 1.29)
|
12
|
1.24 (0.61, 2.52)
|
5
|
1.47 (0.54, 3.99)
|
19
|
1.40 (0.77, 2.56)
|
|
Maximum probability of exposure (%)
|
|
≤ 50
|
32
|
26
|
1.17 (0.59, 2.31)
|
3
|
0.46 (0.10, 2.08)
|
8
|
1.21 (0.49, 2.94)
|
3
|
0.85 (0.23, 3.07)
|
3
|
2.36 (0.63, 8.78)
|
9
|
1.60 (0.66, 3.85)
|
|
> 50
|
43
|
31
|
0.86 (0.47, 1.58)
|
6
|
0.86 (0.33, 2.22)
|
4
|
0.28 (0.08, 0.97)
|
9
|
1.44 (0.61, 3.41)
|
2
|
0.93 (0.20, 4.22)
|
10
|
1.26 (0.56, 2.83)
|
|
Maximum level of exposure (mg/m3)
|
|
< 3
|
50
|
41
|
1.09 (0.63, 1.89)
|
5
|
0.55 (0.18, 1.62)
|
10
|
0.82 (0.37, 1.81)
|
8
|
1.33 (0.56, 3.14)
|
4
|
1.90 (0.62, 5.87)
|
14
|
1.58 (0.77, 3.24)
|
|
≥ 3
|
25
|
16
|
0.79 (0.35, 1.77)
|
4
|
1.01 (0.31, 3.30)
|
2
|
0.32 (0.07, 1.48)
|
4
|
1.09 (0.32, 3.62)
|
1
|
0.75 (0.09, 6.25)
|
5
|
1.07 (0.36, 3.17)
|
|
Cumulative duration of exposure (years)
|
|
≤ 7
|
43
|
45
|
1.22 (0.70, 2.14)
|
6
|
0.75 (0.27, 2.04)
|
8
|
0.64 (0.26, 1.56)
|
11
|
1.75 (0.79–3.86)
|
4
|
1.95 (0.63, 6.02)
|
16
|
1.86 (0.92, 3.75)
|
|
> 7
|
32
|
12
|
0.63 (0.28, 1.44)
|
3
|
0.67 (0.18, 2.46)
|
4
|
0.69 (0.22, 2.16)
|
1
|
0.34 (0.04, 2.71)
|
1
|
0.75 (0.08, 6.42)
|
3
|
0.68 (0.19, 2.45)
|
|
Cumulative exposure index (mg/m3-years)
|
|
≤ 6
|
38
|
37
|
1.43 (0.78, 2.61)
|
5
|
0.81 (0.26, 2.47)
|
8
|
0.81 (0.33, 1.98)
|
6
|
1.42 (0.53, 3.78)
|
4
|
3.04 (0.97, 9.54)
|
14
|
2.26 (1.07, 4.76)
|
|
> 6
|
37
|
20
|
0.60 (0.29, 1.22)
|
4
|
0.58 (0.18, 1.82)
|
4
|
0.37 (0.12, 1.15)
|
6
|
1.01 (0.36, 2.77)
|
1
|
0.40 (0.05, 3.25)
|
5
|
0.65 (0.23, 1.85)
|
- a ORs (odds ratios) adjusted for age, sex, area of residence, socioeconomic status, and tobacco and alcohol consumption
- b Never exposed = reference category for all variables presented in Table 2
- c A subject was considered “ever” exposed to leather dust if he/she had a non-zero probability of exposure
- HNC head and neck cancer
