Table 2 Baseline characteristics and potential cardiovascular risk factors of the study participants (n = 4304)
Characteristics and risk factors | Total | Never smokers | Long time former smokers | Recent former smokers | Current smokers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Blood cadmium (μg/L) [Median (p5 - p95)1] | 0.24 (0.10–1.52) | 0.20 (0.089–0.46) | 0.22 (0.10–0.50) | 0.36 (0.15–1.11) | 1.00 (0.22–2.46) |
Age (year) [Median (p5 - p95)1] | 58 (48–66) | 58 (48–66) | 58 (48–66) | 57 (48–66) | 57 (48–66) |
Women [n (%)] | 2540 (59%) | 1329 (70%) | 586 (47%) | 152 (52%) | 473 (56%) |
Waist (cm) [Median (p5 - p95)1] | 84 (65–106) | 82 (65–103) | 87 (66–110) | 87 (66–110) | 83 (64–105) |
Low education [n (%)] | 1990 (47%) | 853 (45%) | 545 (44%) | 151 (52%) | 441 (52%) |
Low physical activity [n (%)] | 984 (24%) | 427 (23%) | 246 (20%) | 72 (25%) | 241 (29%) |
High alcohol intake [n (%)] | 154 (3.6%) | 35 (1.9%) | 55 (4.4%) | 11 (3.8%) | 53 (6.3%) |
Total cholesterol / HDL [Median (p5 - p95)1] | 4.5 (2.8–7.6) | 4.4 (2.8–7.3) | 4.5 (2.8–7.3) | 4.7 (2.8–8.2) | 4.8 (2.8–8.0) |
HbA1c (mmol/mol) [Median (p5 - p95)1] | 4.8 (4.1–5.8) | 4.7 (4.1–5.6) | 4.7 (4.1–5.8) | 4.9 (4.1–5.8) | 5.0 (4.3–6.0) |
CRP (mg/L) [Median (p5 - p95)1] | 1.4 (0.3–8.3) | 1.2 (0.3–6.8) | 1.3 (0.3–8.2) | 1.6 (0.4–8.9) | 1.8 (0.3–11.5) |
Blood lead (μg/L) [Median (p5 - p95)1] | 25.4 (12.7–54.4) | 23.1 (12.1–48.9) | 26.3 (12.4–51.8) | 27.0 (13.1–51.9) | 29.4 (14.5–69.4) |