Environmental Health

Table 1 Summary statistics describing sample of children with measured height from India’s 2015–16 DHS, reported for the full sample and by PM_2.5 quintiles in the month and district of birth

From: The association of early-life exposure to ambient PM_2.5 and later-childhood height-for-age in India: an observational study

	full sample	PM_2.5 quintile
	full sample	1	2	3	4	5
PM_2.5 in birth month, μ g/m³	54.9	15.3	30.1	45.7	65.2	118.2
height-for-age z-score	−1.50	−1.35	−1.45	−1.52	− 1.59	−1.60
temperature (Celsius)	16.5	17.5	17.0	17.2	16.9	13.7
age in months	30.7	31.9	31.2	30.7	30.4	29.1
girls	0.48	0.49	0.48	0.48	0.47	0.48
mother’s age at birth	24.3	24.2	24.1	24.2	24.4	24.5
birth order	2.18	1.97	2.09	2.18	2.30	2.38
institutional delivery	0.79	0.86	0.83	0.80	0.75	0.72
mother’s height (cm)	151.7	152.2	151.9	151.6	151.4	151.2
# of children born to mother	2.46	2.23	2.37	2.46	2.59	2.67
mother smokes	0.06	0.07	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.05
rural	0.72	0.67	0.71	0.72	0.74	0.76
uses solid fuels for cooking	0.63	0.53	0.60	0.63	0.68	0.72
defecates in open	0.47	0.40	0.47	0.49	0.51	0.49
born at residence	0.91	0.86	0.90	0.91	0.92	0.94
n (children under 60 months)	218,152	52,947	43,942	40,831	40,551	39,881

Note: Each number, other than sample sizes in the bottom row, is a sample mean. Girl, institutional delivery, mother smokes, rural, uses solid fuels for cooking, defecates in open, and born at residence are each indicators (1 or 0) for that property of the child, mother or household. Sample means and quintiles are computed with DHS sampling weights (which is why n is not constant across quintiles)

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ISSN: 1476-069X

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