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Table 4 Neurocognitive outcomes summary statistics

From: Neurocognitive impact of metal exposure and social stressors among schoolchildren in Taranto, Italy

 

Total

0–1 km

1–5 km

5–10 km

10–15 km

P-value†

WISC-IV

 IQ

106.0 (94.0, 115.0)

94.0 (87.0, 107.0)

98.0 (90.5, 110.0)

108.0 (97.5, 118.0)

110.0 (99.5, 118.0)

<  0.001

 GAI

108.0 (96.0, 116.0)

99.0 (88.0, 110.5)

102.0 (91.5, 114.0)

109.5 (101.0, 119.0)

112.0 (101.5, 122.5)

<  0.001

 CPI

100.0 (91.0, 109.0)

94.0 (85.0, 102.5)

98.0 (87.0, 104.0)

104.0 (92.0, 111.0)

104.0 (94.0, 111.5)

<  0.001

 WMI

100.0 (88.0, 109.0)

88.0 (82.0, 100.0)

94.0 (88.0, 100.0)

100.0 (94.0, 109.0)

106.0 (91.0, 109.0)

<  0.001

 PSI

103.0 (94.0, 112.0)

103.0 (91.7, 111.2)

100.0 (91.0, 109.0)

103.0 (94.0, 112.0)

103.0 (93.2, 109.0)

0.379

 PRI

106.0 (95.0, 117.0)

98.0 (90.5, 111.0)

99.0 (89.0, 111.0)

108.0 (100.0, 117.0)

109.5 (98.5, 119.0)

<  0.001

 VCI

108.0 (98.0, 118.0)

98.0 (88.0, 108.5)

104.0 (92.0, 112.5)

110.0 (102.0, 118.0)

112.0 (105.5, 122.0)

<  0.001

CANTAB

 RVP

  Probability of hit

0.8 (0.7, 0.9)

0.750 (0.667, 0.896)

0.8 (0.6, 0.9)

0.8 (0.7, 0.9)

0.8 (0.7, 0.9)

0.170

  Total false alarms

2.0 (1.0, 3.5)

2.0 (0.5, 3.0)

2.0 (1.0, 4.0)

2.0 (1.0, 3.0)

1.0 (1.0, 3.5)

0.055

 SWM

  Between errors

54.0 (41.5, 63.0)

60.0 (43.0, 68.0)

56.0 (41.0, 64.0)

51.0 (39.0, 60.0)

54.0 (42.5, 61.5)

0.025

  Strategy

38.0 (36.0, 40.0)

39.0 (37.0, 42.0)

38.0 (36.0, 40.0)

37.5 (35.0, 39.0)

38.0 (36.0, 40.5)

0.026

 SST

  Direction errors on stop and go trials

3.0 (1.0, 7.0)

2.0 (0.5, 3.0)

3.0 (1.0, 6.5)

3.0 (1.0, 7.0)

3.0 (1.0, 8.5)

0.091

  Proportion of successful stops

0.5 (0.4, 0.6)

0.5 (0.5, 0.6)

0.5 (0.4, 0.6)

0.5 (0.4, 0.6)

0.5 (0.4, 0.6)

0.662

  Mean correct reaction time on go trials

722.0 (625.8, 878.4)

725.7 (655.6, 938.8)

703.8 (609.3, 884.9)

742.8 (633.6, 889.9)

691.5 (616.0, 803.7)

0.187

  Stop signal delay

384.8 (286.5, 496.5)

404.4 (337.7, 478.8)

384.8 (271.7, 502.9)

398.1 (265.8, 526.7)

356.7 (283.4, 440.2)

0.219

  Stop signal reaction time

282.1 (234.0, 344.8)

274.2 (236.8, 355.5)

285.8 (233.4, 341.8)

294.1 (240.6, 345.2)

271.5 (224.1, 334.4)

0.578

  Total correct on stop and go trials

282.0 (275.0, 288.0)

283.0 (280.0, 289.0)

281.0 (275.0, 289.5)

282.0 (275.0, 289.0)

280.0 (273.0, 286.0)

0.188

 SOC

  Problems solved in minimum moves

6.0 (5.0, 7.0)

7.0 (5.0, 8.0)

6.0 (5.0, 6.5)

6.0 (5.0, 7.0)

6.0 (5.0, 7.0)

0.071

  1. Notes: Neurocognitive outcomes from the WISC-IV and CANTAB by distance from the source - Median (Q1, Q3)
  2. WISC-IV Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children edition IV, IQ Intellectual Quotient, VCI Verbal Comprehension Index, PRI Visual-Perceptual Reasoning Index, WMI Working Memory Index, PSI Processing Speed Index, GAI General Ability Index, CPI Cognitive Proficiency Index, CANTAB Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery, RVP Rapid Visual Information Processing, SST Stop Signal Task, SWM Spatial Working Memory, SOC Stockings of Cambridge
  3. †Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test