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Table 3 Relative odds of having an elevated SUA levels among 8303 12–19 year-old adolescents, NHANES 1999–2006

From: Association of low-level blood lead with serum uric acid in U.S. adolescents: a cross-sectional study

LnBLL, μg/dL

Events (%)

Elevated SUA OR (95%CI), P value

Crude model

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

Per 1 μg/dL increase

2756 (33.2)

1.56 (1.45, 1.68), < 0.001

1.29 (1.18, 1.42), < 0.001

1.29 (1.17, 1.42), < 0.001

1.24 (1.11, 1.38), < 0.001

1.29 (1.17, 1.42), < 0.001

Quartiles

 Q1 (<−0.22)

666 (25.8)

Reference (1)

Reference (1)

Reference (1)

Reference (1)

Reference (1)

 Q2 (− 0.22–0.18)

802 (32.8)

1.40 (1.24, 1.59), < 0.001

1.21 (1.04, 1.41), 0.015

1.13 (0.96, 1.32), 0.135

1.10 (0.93, 1.30), 0.267

1.13 (0.96, 1.32), 0.135

 Q3 (0.18–0.64)

694 (36.2)

1.63 (1.44, 1.86), < 0.001

1.25 (1.07, 1.47), 0.007

1.18 (1.00, 1.39), 0.056

1.14 (0.95, 1.36), 0.157

1.18 (1.00, 1.39), 0.056

 Q4 (≥ 0.64)

594 (43.9)

2.25 (1.96, 2.59), < 0.001

1.65 (1.38, 1.97), < 0.001

1.63 (1.35, 1.96), < 0.001

1.49 (1.22, 1.81), < 0.001

1.63 (1.35, 1.96), < 0.001

P for trend

 

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

  1. Model 1was adjusted for sex, age, BMI, race, education status and physical activity
  2. Model 2 was adjusted for all covariables in model 1 plus adjusted for SBP, DBP, blood cadmium, serum cotinine, hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, eGFR, blood urea nitrogen and C-reactive protein
  3. Model 3 was adjusted for all covariables in model 2 plus adjusted for calcium intake, total monounsaturated fatty acids intake, total polyunsaturated fatty acids intake, total saturated fatty acids intake, total fat intake and total protein intake
  4. Model 4 was adjusted for sex, age, BMI, race, hemoglobin, HDL-C and eGFR. The covariance was determined based on the matched odds ratio changed at least 10%
  5. Abbreviations: BLL blood lead levels, SUA serum uric acid, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval