Fig. 3
Illustration of spatially-decomposed analyses, presented per 10 μg/m3 (top panel) and per IQR (bottom panel). Hazard ratios (and 95% CIs) were estimated using the basic proportional hazards regressions model which adjusted for age, sex, race-ethnicity, marital status, inflation-adjusted household income, education, smoking status, BMI, U.S. Census region, urban versus rural designation, and survey year. Local PM2.5, PM2.5 generated within 1 km of residence; neighborhood PM2.5, PM2.5 generated 1–10 km from residence; mid-range PM2.5, PM2.5 generated 10–100 km from residence; regional PM2.5, PM2.5 generated over 100 km from residence; IQR, interquartile range. Data used to generate plot are listed in Additional file 1 Table S2.