Table 3 Prenatal and Early Childhood Exposure to Tetrachloroethylene and the Risk of Mental Illness
Outcome | Exposure Category/Percentile | % Yes (n/N) | Crude Risk Ratio (95% CI) | GEEa Risk Ratio (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Depression | Any | 19.8 (152/769) | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) |
> = 67th | 19.5 (50/256) | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) | |
33rd- <67th | 20.8 (55/265) | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | |
> 0- <33rd | 19.0 (47/248) | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) | |
None | 17.8 (92/518) | Reference | Reference | |
Bipolar Disorder | Any | 5.5 (36/653) | 1.7 (0.9–3.2) | 1.8 (0.9–3.5) |
> = 67th | 5.1 (11/217) | 1.6 (0.7–3.5) | 1.6 (0.7–3.7) | |
33rd- <67th | 3.2 (7/217) | 1.0 (0.4–2.5) | 1.1 (0.4–2.7) | |
> 0- <33rd | 8.2 (18/219) | 2.6 (1.3–5.1) | 2.7 (1.3–5.6) | |
None | 3.2 (14/440) | Reference | Reference | |
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder | Any | 7.1 (47/664) | 1.5 (0.9–25) | 1.5 (0.9–2.5) |
> = 67th | 6.4 (14/220) | 1.4 (0.7–2.6) | 1.4 (0.7–2.6) | |
33rd- <67th | 6.7 (15/225) | 1.4 (0.7–2.7) | 1.4 (0.7–2.7) | |
> 0- <33rd | 8.2 (18/219) | 1.7 (1.0–3.2) | 1.7 (0.9–3.2) | |
None | 4.7 (21/447) | Reference | Reference | |
Schizophrenia | Any | 0.5 (3/620) | 2.1 (0.2–20.0) | 2.1 (0.2–20.0) |
> = 67th | 0.0 (0/206) | |||
33rd- <67th | 0.9 (2/212) | |||
> 0- <33rd | 0.5 (1/202) | |||
None | 0.2 (1/427) | Reference | Reference |