From: The association between ambient temperature and sperm quality in Wuhan, China
Characteristics | N (%) | Mean ± SD | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Sperm concentration (mln/ml) | Percentage of normal sperm morphology (%) | Progressive motility (%) | ||
Body mass index (kg/m2) | ||||
  < 18.5 | 73(4.1) | 79.3 ± 49.1 | 19.5 ± 17.7 | 28.1 ± 14.2 |
 18.5 ~ 25 | 1146(64.4) | 77.0 ± 52.1 | 20.9 ± 20.0 | 29.4 ± 16.7 |
  > 25 | 561(31.5) | 74.6 ± 46.2 | 20.5 ± 19.9 | 30.1 ± 16.1 |
Age (years) | ||||
  < 30 | 363(20.4) | 76.3 ± 57.9 | 19.1 ± 19.2 | 30.4 ± 16.1 |
 30–34 | 759(42.6) | 76.53 ± 49.4 | 20.4 ± 19.4 | 30.1 ± 16.8 |
 35–39 | 444(24.9) | 75.0 ± 47.2 | 21.3 ± 20.2 | 28.3 ± 16.1 |
  ≥ 40 | 214(12.1) | 78.2 ± 44.3 | 23.1 ± 21.9 | 28.5 ± 15.8 |
Education | ||||
 Less than secondary education | 498(28.0) | 73.7 ± 49.8 | 19.8 ± 19.2 | 29.2 ± 16.7 |
 Secondary education | 686(38.5) | 76.5 ± 47.6 | 21.7 ± 20.3 | 29.0 ± 15.8 |
 College and higher | 596(33.5) | 78.2 ± 53.1 | 20.2 ± 19.8 | 30.4 ± 16.6 |
Smoking | ||||
 Non-smokers | 1129(63.4) | 77.6 ± 51.2 | 20.7 ± 19.9 | 29.9 ± 16.6 |
 Smokers | 651(36.6) | 74.0 ± 48.1 | 20.6 ± 19.9 | 28.8 ± 15.9 |
Season | ||||
 Spring | 530(29.8) | 70.4 ± 43.3 | 27.3 ± 24.2 | 29.2 ± 15.1 |
 Summer | 487(27.4) | 74.4 ± 47.9 | 19.0 ± 18.4 | 29.6 ± 17.1 |
 Autumn | 448(25.1) | 82.6 ± 59.3 | 14.4 ± 12.2 | 29.2 ± 16.2 |
 Winter | 315(17.7) | 80.1 ± 48.7 | 20.9 ± 19.6 | 30.4 ± 17.4 |
Days abstaining (days) | ||||
 2 ~ 3 | 307(17.2) | 74.79 ± 47.32 | 17.38 ± 16.86 | 29.99 ± 16.84 |
 4 ~ 5 | 1009(56.7) | 75.57 ± 53.17 | 19.65 ± 18.96 | 28.77 ± 16.38 |
 6 ~ 7 | 464(26.1) | 78.95 ± 45.03 | 25.19 ± 22.91 | 30.95 ± 16.04 |