Oxidative damage mediates the association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure and lung function

Cao, Limin; Zhou, Yun; Tan, Aijun; Shi, Tingming; Zhu, Chunmei; Xiao, Lili; Zhang, Zhuang; Yang, Shijie; Mu, Ge; Wang, Xing; Wang, Dongming; Ma, Jixuan; Chen, Weihong

doi:10.1186/s12940-020-00621-x

Environmental Health

Table 2 Associations between urinary OH-PAHs and lung function parameters (N = 3367)

From: Oxidative damage mediates the association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure and lung function

Urinary OH-PAHs	Lung function parameters	Estimated changes (95% CI) by continuous OH-PAHs	Estimated changes in ml (95% CI) by quartile of OH-PAHs				P value for trend^a
Urinary OH-PAHs	Lung function parameters	Estimated changes (95% CI) by continuous OH-PAHs	Quartile 1	Quartile 2	Quartile 3	Quartile 4	P value for trend^a
ƩOH-PAHs			< 24.63	24.63–36.12	36.12–54.86	≥54.86
	FEV₁	−21.52 (−40.46, −2.58)	0 (referent)	−39.63 (−76.83, −2.43)	−11.74 (− 49.41, 25.94)	−65.59 (− 103.42, − 27.77)	0.0057
	FVC	− 18.91 (− 41.95, 4.14)	0 (referent)	− 34.69 (−79.99, 10.61)	2.51 (−43.39, 48.42)	−57.89 (− 103.95, − 11.83)	0.0651
	FEV₁%	−0.17 (−0.57, 0.23)	0 (referent)	−0.49 (− 1.28, 0.29)	− 0.53 (− 1.32, 0.27)	− 0.57 (− 1.37, 0.23)	0.1791
ƩHMW OH-PAH			< 1.99	1.99–3.21	3.21–5.41	≥5.41
	FEV₁	−20.76 (− 37.69, − 3.83)	0 (referent)	−25.06 (−61.93, 11.81)	− 31.01 (− 68.12 6.11)	−54.55 (−91.82, − 17.28)	0.0049
	FVC	− 21.59 (−42.18, − 1.00)	0 (referent)	− 9.94 (− 54.77, 34.89)	−31.06 (− 76.20, 14.08)	−54.59 (− 99.91, − 9.27)	0.0116
	FEV₁%	− 0.07 (− 0.43, 0.29)	0 (referent)	− 0.58 (− 1.36, 0.19)	−0.36 (− 1.15, 0.42)	−0.30 (− 1.08, 0.49)	0.5963
ƩLMW OH-PAHs			< 21.68	21.68–32.24	32.24–49.23	≥49.23
	FEV₁	−19.85 (− 38.44, − 1.26)	0 (referent)	−39.60 (− 76.90, − 12.31)	−15.47 (−53.18, 22.24)	− 61.75 (−99.81, − 23.70)	0.0090
	FVC	−16.34 (− 38.60, 6.27)	0 (referent)	−37.59 (− 83.01, 7.82)	−3.39 (− 49.34, 42.56)	−50.65 (− 97.01, −4.30)	0.1166
	FEV₁%	− 0.19 (− 0.59, 0.20)	0 (referent)	− 0.36 (− 1.15, 0.43)	−0.42 (− 1.22, 0.38)	−0.65 (− 1.46, 0.15)	0.1205

Model adjusted for age (continuous variable), gender (male/female), height (continuous variable), weight (continuous variable), smoking amounts (continuous variable), passive smoking status (yes/no), drinking status (yes/no), education level (categorical variable), annual family income (categorical variable), regular physical activity (yes/no), cooking meals at home (yes/no), sleep duration at night (continuous variable), eating smoked food (< 1/≥1 time/week), eating vegetables or fruits (< 1/≥1 time/day), eating aquatic products (< 1/≥1 time/day) and city (Wuhan/Zhuhai)
Abbreviations: ƩHMW OH-PAH Sum of urinary high-molecular-weight monohydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, including 1-hydroxypyrene, ƩLMW OH-PAHs Sum of urinary low-molecular-weight monohydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, including 1-hydroxynaphthalene, 2-hydroxynaphthalene, 2-hydroxyfluorene, 9-hydroxyfluorene, 1-hydroxyphenanthrene, 2-hydroxyphenanthrene, 3-hydroxyphenanthrene, 4-hydroxyphenanthrene and 9-hydroxyphenanthrene, ƩOH-PAHs Sum of urinary monohydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, CI Confidence interval, FEV₁ Forced expiratory volume in 1 s, FVC Forced vital capacity, FEV₁% The ratio of FEV₁ to FVC
^aP trend values of the quartile coefficients were estimated by including the original log-transformed OH-PAHs as a continuous variable

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