Table 3 Multivariable-adjusted associations between air pollution levels averaged for the week preceding the examination and their top biomarker predictors identified in Partial Least Squares analysis (PLS)
From: Immune biomarkers link air pollution exposure to blood pressure in adolescents
Biomarker | PM2.5 (95% CI) | PAH456 (95% CI) | O3 (95% CI) | CO (95% CI) | NO (95% CI) | NO2 (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
%Monocytes, per doubling | + 0.023 (0.002 to 0.044)* | −0.15 (− 0.27 to − 0.04)* | −1.26 (− 2.31 to − 0.21)* | + 0.029 (0.014 to 0.045)‡ | + 0.40 (0.11 to 0.69)†| + 1.06 (0.54 to 1.58)‡ |
% Treg, per doubling | + 0.085 (0.012 to 0.16)* | + 0.26 (− 0.15 to 0.68) | − 3.21 (− 7.64 to 1.21) | + 0.095 (0.037 to 0.15)†| + 1.25 (0.14 to 2.36)* | + 2.61 (0.57 to 4.64)* |
% Th1, per doubling | + 0.043 (− 0.001 to 0.085) | − 0.18 (− 0.41 to 0.06) | + 1.33 (− 1.05 to 3.71) | 0.036 (0.003 to 0.068)* | + 0.26 (− 0.38 to 0.90) | + 1.97 (0.87 to 3.08)‡ |
GDF-15, per doubling | + 0.15 (0.07 to 0.22)‡ | + 0.35 (− 0.07 to 0.78) | + 4.43 (0.05 to 8.81)* | + 0.049 (− 0.012 to 0.11) | + 0.61 (− 0.55 to 1.76) | + 1.79 (− 0.35 to 3.93) |
MPO, per doubling | + 0.033 (0.003 to 0.064)* | + 0.084 (− 0.080 to 0.25) | + 0.93 (− 0.79 to 2.65) | + 0.032 (0.010 to 0.055)†| + 0.70 (0.28 to 1.13)†| 1.45 (0.66 to 2.24)‡ |
CRP, per doubling | + 0.019 (− 0.001 to 0.040) | + 0.084 (− 0.029 to 0.20) | + 0.97 (− 0.22 to 2.15) | − 0.006 (− 0.022 to 0.011) | −0.12 (− 0.43 to 0.19) | −0.20 (− 0.78 to 0.38) |
VEGF-D, per + 66 MFI | + 0.0034 (− 0.029 to 0.036) | + 0.0030 (− 0.17 to 0.18) | + 1.93 (0.17 to 3.69)* | −0.013 (0.037 to 0.011) | − 0.32 (− 0.79 to 0.14) | −0.10 (− 0.98 to 0.78) |
Rantes, per + 663 MFI | + 0.030 (− 0.29 to 0.35) | −0.053 (− 0.22 to 0.12) | −1.01 (− 2.77 to 0.75) | + 0.021 (− 0.027 to 0.045) | + 0.44 (− 0.018 to 0.89) | + 0.98 (0.13 to 1.82)* |
ADAMTS, per + 30 MFI | + 0.024 (− 0.010 to 0.058) | + 0.28 (0.10 to 0.45)†| + 0.98 (− 0.93 to 2.90) | + 0.0082 (− 0.018 to 0.034) | + 0.11 (− 0.38 to 0.61) | + 0.16 (− 0.76 to 1.09) |
IL-12P70, per + 33 MFI | + 0.014 (− 0.020 to 0.048) | + 0.032 (− 0.16 to 0.22) | + 2.11 (0.16 to 4.07)* | − 0.0066 (− 0.034 to 0.021) | −0.086 (− 0.58 to 0.40) | + 0.11 (− 0.81 to 1.03) |