Association between coarse particulate matter and inflammatory and hemostatic markers in a cohort of midlife women

Table 4 Adjusted associations between PM_10–2.5 and cardiovascular disease markers for SWAN cohort, 1999–2004^a

Marker	hs-CRP	Fibrinogen	Factor VIIc	tPA-ag	PAI-1
Total	4.1 (−0.1, 8.6)*	−0.1 (−1.0, 0.8)	−0.1 (−1.2, 1.1)	0.4 (− 1.4, 2.3)	5.5 (1.8, 9.4)***
BMI < 25	5.4 (−3.1, 14.5)	Did not converge	0.6 (− 1.5, 2.7)	2.9 (− 1, 7.0)	9.2 (1.4, 17.7)**
BMI ≥ 25	4.5 (− 0.3, 9.5)*	− 0.02 (− 1.1, 1.1)	− 0.8 (−2.2, 0.7)	−1.3 (− 3.3, 0.8)	3.3 (− 0.9, 7.6)
Peri-menopausal	1.8 (−4.4, 8.4)	− 0.1 (− 1.4, 1.3)	− 1.4 (− 2.9, 0.2)*	0.05 (− 2.4, 2.5)	7.5 (2.2, 13.2)***
Post-menopausal	3.6 (−2.8, 10.5)	−0.02 (− 1.1, 1.1)	0.1 (− 1.9, 2.2)	0.3 (− 2.8, 3.6)	1.4 (−4.5, 7.7)
≤ High school	5.8 (−2.7, 15)	1.2 (− 0.7, 3.2)	−2.4 (− 4.7, − 0.1)**	0.9 (− 2.6, 4.5)	7.6 (0.6, 15.1)**
Some college or more	3.8 (−1.1, 8.9)	− 0.9 (− 1.9, 0.2)	0.05 (− 1.3, 1.4)	0.3 (−1.8, 2.5)	1.1 (− 3.2, 5.6)
Low alcohol consumption	8.8 (2.7, 15.3)***	0.6 (− 0.7, 1.8)	−1.4 (− 3.0, 0.2)*	1.3 (− 1.2, 3.9)	7.5 (2.3, 13.0)***
Medium/high alcohol consumption	−0.2 (− 6.1, 6.0)	−1.2 (− 2.5, 0.2)*	0.5 (− 1.2, 2.2)	− 0.9 (− 3.6, 1.8)	3.9 (−1.4, 9.5)

^aResults shown are as percent change in biomarker level per an interquartile increase in exposure, which is 4 μg/m³ for PM_10–2.5. Analyses were based on log-transformed biomarker levels, *adjusted for study site, age (continuous), race/ethnicity, education, menopausal status, BMI, active smoking status, alcohol category. Stratifying variables were omitted from respective models.* p < 0.10; ** p < 0.05; *** p < 0.01

ISSN: 1476-069X