Table 3 Association of cooking fuel types with cognitive impairment stratified by participant characteristics
Subgroup | Biomass fuel Adjusted HR (95% CI) | Others Adjusted HR (95% CI) | P-value for interaction |
|---|---|---|---|
All | 1.27 (1.02, 1.58) | 1.82 (1.23, 2.69) | |
Sex | 0.207 | ||
Male | 1.26 (0.87, 1.83) | 3.37 (1.72, 6.60) | |
Female | 1.16 (0.87, 2.30) | 1.39 (0.84, 2.30) | |
Education | 0.604 | ||
No school | 1.08 (0.83, 1.42) | 1.66 (1.05, 2.62) | |
1 year or more | 1.54 (1.01, 5.53) | 2.46 (1.10, 5.53) | |
Residence | 0.001 | ||
Urban | 0.82 (0.55, 1.22) | 1.53 (0.87, 2.68) | |
Rural | 1.44 (1.08, 3.90) | 2.19 (1.23, 3.90) | |
Household income CNY | 0.197 | ||
< 10,000 | 1.52 (1.04, 2.21) | 2.12 (1.05, 4.25) | |
10,001–30,000 | 0.96 (0.61, 3.47) | 1.67 (0.80, 3.47) | |
> 30,000 | 0.99 (0.66, 1.51) | 1.40 (0.71, 2.77) | |
Smoking status | 0.001 | ||
Non-smoker | 1.33 (1.04, 1.71) | 1.46 (0.91, 2.35) | |
Smoker | 0.66 (0.38, 8.58) | 3.97 (1.84, 8.58) | |
Drinking status | 0.078 | ||
Non-drinker | 1.19 (0.93, 1.53) | 1.64 (1.06, 2.53) | |
Drinker | 0.96 (0.56, 9.41) | 3.48 (1.28, 9.41) | |
Regular exercise | 0.876 | ||
Yes | 1.28 (0.77, 2.12) | 1.63 (0.78, 3.39) | |
No | 1.18 (0.91, 2.77) | 1.72 (1.07, 2.77) | |
Ventilation of the kitchen when cooking at home | 0.826 | ||
no ventilation | 0.74 (0.32, 1.69) | 1.46 (0.42, 5.04) | |
kitchen ventilation or fan | 0.88 (0.55, 3.45) | 1.07 (0.33, 3.45) | |
by opening window | 1.27 (0.93, 1.72) | 1.86 (1.12, 3.10) | |
unknown | 0.56 (0.14, 2.25) | 1.64 (0.27, 9.93) | |
Fresh fruit | 0.352 | ||
Almost or quite often | 0.93 (0.63, 1.38) | 1.24 (0.64, 2.41) | |
Occasionally | 1.19 (0.82, 4.27) | 2.22 (1.15, 4.27) | |
Rarely or never | 1.68 (1.08, 2.61) | 1.82 (0.75, 4.43) | |
Limited in activities because of health problems during the last six months | 0.449 | ||
Yes | 0.78 (0.51, 1.20) | 1.23 (0.59, 2.58) | |
No | 1.42 (1.09, 3.50) | 2.18 (1.36, 3.50) | |
Diabetes | 0.006 | ||
Yes | 3.33 (0.73, 15.19) | 1.09 (0.18, 6.50) | |
No | 1.18 (0.93, 2.70) | 1.76 (1.15, 2.70) | |
Unknown | 1.19 (0.33, 4.33) | 3.00 (0.44, 20.68) | |
Heart diseases | 0.174 | ||
Yes | 0.66 (0.26, 1.67) | 1.99 (0.72, 5.46) | |
No | 1.25 (0.98, 2.55) | 1.62 (1.03, 2.55) | |
Unknown | 1.02 (0.26, 4.03) | 4.20 (0.48, 36.67) | |
Stroke | 0.077 | ||
Yes | 0.82 (0.30, 2.20) | 0.40 (0.08, 1.86) | |
No | 1.20 (0.95, 2.81) | 1.84 (1.20, 2.81) | |
Unknown | 3.14 (0.67, 14.65) | 101.82 (6.25, 1659.95) |