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Table 4 Estimates of association between ambient and traffic-related air pollutants and adult attaineda CIMT (μm), adjusted for personal smoking, adult BMI, and parental education (N = 70)

From: Childhood traffic-related air pollution and adverse changes in subclinical atherosclerosis measures from childhood to adulthood

 

Estimate (95% CI) per 1 SD increase in exposureb

P-value

Ambient Pollutants (monthly average)

 Daily 8-h max O3 concentration (ppb)

−10.35 (− 27.54, 6.83)

0.23

 24-h average PM2.5 concentration (μg/m3)

−1.62 (− 18.38, 15.14)

0.85

 24-h average PM10 concentration (μg/m3)

−2.81 (− 19.54, 13.90)

0.74

 24-h average NO2 concentration (μg/m3)

6.43 (− 10.30, 23.16)

0.45

Local Traffic-Related Pollutants/Measures

 Total NOx (ppb)

20.60 (2.87, 38.36)

0.02

 Freeway NOx (ppb)

21.09 (3.33, 38.85)

0.02

 Non-Freeway NOx (ppb)

6.25 (−10.84, 23.33)

0.47

 Traffic Density (within 300 m buffer)

23.01 (6.38, 39.42)

0.007

  1. aAdult attained CIMT represents absolute value of CIMT measured at time of young adult assessment
  2. bEstimates are each scaled to represent a change in beta for a 1 standard deviation (SD) increase in exposure to the corresponding pollutant