Table 1 Summary of the epidemiologic studies reviewed, according to the direction of association of PFAS exposure on outcomes in the proposed pathway
From: A pathway level analysis of PFAS exposure and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus
Outcome | Positive | Negative | Null, Positive Trendb | Null, Negative Trendb |
|---|---|---|---|---|
GDM | 36% (4/11 studies) | 0% (0/11 studies) | 91% (10/11 studies) | 64% (7/11 studies) |
Maternal Blood | ||||
 Glucose homeostasis biomarkersa | 73% (8/11 studies) | 18% (2/11 studies) | 45% (5/11 studies) | 45% (5/11 studies) |
 T3 | 50% (2/4 studies) | 50% (2/4 studies) | 25% (1/4 studies) | 25% (1/4 studies) |
 FT3 | 33% (2/6 studies) | 33% (2/6 studies) | 17% (1/6 studies) | 17% (1/6 studies) |
 T4 | 20% (1/5 studies) | 40% (2/5 studies) | 20% (1/5 studies) | 20% (1/5 studies) |
 FT4 | 20% (2/10 studies) | 40% (4/10 studies) | 20% (2/10 studies) | 30% (3/10 studies) |
 TSH | 45% (5/11 studies) | 18% (2/11 studies) | 18% (2/11 studies) | 9% (1/11 studies) |