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Table 3 Logistic regression analysis of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) concentrations and the risk for neural tube defects

From: Associations between prenatal exposure to cadmium and lead with neural tube defect risks are modified by single-nucleotide polymorphisms of fetal MTHFR and SOD2: a case–control study

Metal level a

Controls [n (%)]

Cases [n (%)]

cOR (95% CI)

P

aOR (95% CI)

P b

Cd

 Low (< 26.18 ng/g)

92 (55.4)

74 (44.6)

1

 

1

 

 High (≥ 26.18 ng/g)

74 (44.6)

92 (55.4)

1.55 (1.00–2.38)

0.049

1.44 (0.91–2.28)

0.116

Pb

 Low (< 1.10 ng/g)

88 (53.0)

78 (47.0)

1

 

1

 

 High (≥ 1.10 ng/g)

78 (47.0)

88 (53.0)

1.27 (0.83–1.96)

0.273

1.23 (0.78–1.94)

0.378

  1. Abbreviations cOR crude odds ratio, aOR adjusted odds ratio
  2. aDichotomized by the median of all subjects
  3. bAdjusted for folic acid supplementation