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Table 2 Association of AA exposure with the risk of NAFLD in whole group (n = 3234)

From: Associations of acrylamide with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in American adults: a nationwide cross-sectional study

  HbAA HbGA HbGA/HbAA
OR (95%CI) Ptrend OR (95%CI) Ptrend OR (95%CI) Ptrend
Model 1   0.001   0.145    < 0.001
Q1 (reference)       
Q2 0.96 (0.73–1.25)   1.24 (0.88–1.74)   1.69 (1.34–2.13)  
Q3 0.66 (0.52–0.85)   1.27 (0.95–1.70)   2.47 (2.02–3.02)  
Q4 0.69 (0.52–0.91)   1.28 (0.98–1.67)   2.77 (2.15–3.57)  
Model 2    < 0.001   0.262    < 0.001
Q1 (reference)       
Q2 0.92 (0.70–1.21)   1.25 (0.89–1.76)   1.60 (1.25–2.04)  
Q3 0.65 (0.50–0.85)   1.22 (0.88–1.70)   2.24 (1.84–2.73)  
Q4 0.64 (0.48–0.84)   1.24 (0.93–1.64)   2.72 (2.09–3.53)  
Model 3    < 0.001   0.998    < 0.001
Q1 (reference)       
Q2 0.90 (0.68–1.19)   1.07 (0.76–1.49)   1.68 (1.34–2.11)  
Q3 0.65 (0.49–0.85)   1.10 (0.79–1.53)   2.33 (1.85–2.94)  
Q4 0.61 (0.46–0.81)   1.15 (0.85–1.55)   2.72 (2.06–3.58)  
  1. Quartiles of HbAA: Q1, HbAA ≤ 36.10 pmol/g Hb; Q2, 36.10 < HbAA ≤ 47.60 pmol/g Hb; Q3, 47.60 < HbAA ≤ 66.50 pmol/g Hb; and Q4, HbAA > 66.50 pmol/g Hb
  2. Quartiles of HbGA: Q1, HbGA ≤ 32.30 pmol/g Hb; Q2, 32.30 < HbGA ≤ 44.90 pmol/g Hb; Q3, 44.90 < HbGA ≤ 65.00 pmol/g Hb; and Q4, HbGA > 65.00 pmol/g Hb
  3. Quartiles of HbGA/HbAA: Q1, ≤ 0.732; Q2, 0.732 < HbGA/HbAA ≤ 0.895; Q3, 0.895 < HbGA/HbAA ≤ 1.091; and Q4, HbGA/HbAA > 1.091
  4. Model 1 was adjusted for demographic factors (age, gender, race/ethnicity, education levels, family PIR, marital status, and serum cotinine level)
  5. Model 2 was adjusted for model 1 plus total fat intake and total energy intake
  6. Model 3 was further adjusted for model 2 plus biochemistry factors (serum albumin, LDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol and blood platelet count)