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Table 2 Description of the study’s characteristics, including Covid-19 deaths on 1 May and 31 December, 2020, by mean (standard deviation), minimum and maximum

From: Impact of long-term exposure to PM2.5 and temperature on coronavirus disease mortality: observed trends in France

 

Mean (standard deviation)

Min

Max

COVID-19 deaths rate in hospitals (per 100,000):

1 May 2020

19.8 (20.1)

1.3

106.3

31 December 2020

65.4 (39.4)

12.5

281.1

Annual Average long-term PM2.5 exposure from 1999 to 2016 (μg/m3)

10.1 (2.4)

6.0

16.3

Annual average temperature over 12 years from 2001 to 2012 (in °C)

10.7 (1.6)

4.7

14.4

Number of intensive care and resuscitation beds (per 100,000)

14.1 (7.7)

2.4

47.1

Medical density (per 100,000)

305.0 (89.3)

167.0

858.0

% People aged 60 or more

29.6 (4.8)

16.7

39.3

% Males

48.5 (0.5)

46.9

49.6

% Unemployment

7.9 (1.6)

4.8

13.3

Rate of poverty (per cent)

14.6 (3.1)

9.2

28.6

% Urban population (proportion of people living in the great urban areas)

71.2 (20.8)

0.1

100.0

Population density (inhab/square) (by thousand)

565.8 (2425.1)

14.8

20,459.7

Population size (by thousand)

676.0 (520.1)

76.3

2589.0

Standardized Prevalence of Diabetes at the department-level

4.8 (0.8)

3.2

7.9