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Table 2 Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident diabetes corresponding to an interquartile range (IQR) increase in NDVI

From: Neighborhood greenspace and risk of type 2 diabetes in a prospective cohort: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Buffer size

HR (95% CI)

Model 1a

0.83 (0.66, 1.03)

Model 2b

0.79 (0.63, 0.99)*

Model 3c

0.88 (0.72, 1.08)

1 km radius – high vegetation season median

 Model 1a

0.79 (0.61, 1.01)

 Model 2b

0.74 (0.57, 0.95)*

 Model 3c

0.84 (0.67, 1.06)

500 m radius - annual median

 Model 1a

0.86 (0.69, 1.07)

 Model 2b

0.84 (0.67, 1.05)

 Model 3c

0.90 (0.73, 1.09)

2.5 km radius - annual median

 Model 1a

0.90 (0.7, 1.15)

 Model 2b

0.84 (0.65, 1.08)

 Model 3c

0.95 (0.76, 1.20)

  1. a Model 1 adjustment set: age, sex, race/ethnicity, education category, income category, employment status, neighborhood deprivation index, neighborhood social cohesion, neighborhood walkability, neighborhood safety, urbanicity, and site
  2. b Model 2 (primary model) adjustment set: Model 1 adjustment set plus family history of diabetes, BMI, physical activity score, chronic stress, smoking, drinking
  3. cModel 3 adjustment set: site, age, sex race/ethnicity, education category, income category, employment status, neighborhood deprivation index, family history of diabetes, chronic stress, smoking, drinking
  4. * p ≤ 0.05