Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants in NHANES 2003–2014 by di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) levels

Age (years)

59.1±12.3

60.1±12.9

60.3±12.7

59.9±12.6

<0.001

Male

60.5

48.0

45.7

44.1

<0.001

Race, %

<0.001

Mexican American

10.8

11.9

17.2

19.3

Other Hispanic

5.6

8.5

7.5

9.0

Non-Hispanic White

51.8

52.2

47.8

43.4

Non-Hispanic Black

19.6

20.9

21.4

23.0

Other Race - Including Multi-Racial

12.3

6.5

6.1

5.4

Education Level, %

0.007

Less Than 9th Grade

11.4

12.7

16.9

16.7

9-11th Grade

13.4

15.9

15.7

16.1

High School Grad/GED or Equivalent

21.6

23.9

24.0

24.7

Some College or AA degree

27.3

24.3

25.1

25.2

College Graduate or above

26.3

23.0

18.1

17.2

Family PIR, %

0.725

<1

15.2

18.1

17.2

15.8

>=1

76.2

73.1

75.5

75.3

Missing

8.6

8.8

8.3

8.9

Physical activity, %

0.010

Never

61.1

57.7

55.6

54.7

Moderate

21.7

24.3

26.0

26.0

Vigorous

16.5

16.7

17.0

17.5

Missing

0.8

1.

1.5

1.8

Smoking status, %

0.499

Never

4.5

4.1

4.6

4.2

Former

44.6

43.0

43.5

43.8

Current

50.9

52.9

51.9

52.1

Past-year alcohol drinking, %

<0.001

No

23.6

28.4

29.2

30.3

Yes

68.3

63.8

62.7

62.2

Missing

8.1

7.8

8.0

7.5

BMI (kg/m²), %

0.013

<25

27.7

27.7

26.4

23.4

25-30

36.8

32.9

34.6

35.8

≥30

34.3

38.2

37.3

39.4

Missing

1.3

1.3

1.7

1.5

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

198.9±41.3

198.5±41.5

200.4±39.5

200.0±42.1

0.393

ALT (U/L)

26.4±50.6

24.4±17.5

25.4±15.6

25.3±17.6

0.179

HDLC (mg/dL)

52.5±16.6

53.3±14.9

53.7±16.0

53.8±15.4

0.632

Hypertension, %

0.350

Yes

47.1

48.0

48.1

48.0

Diabetes, %

0.109

Yes

17.7

17.7

19.0

18.3