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Table 2 Comparisons of associations between urinary heavy metals and risk of impaired eGFR under single- and multi-pollutant models

From: Association and mediation analyses among multiple metals exposure, plasma folate, and community-based impaired estimated glomerular filtration rate in central Taiwan

Metals in blood

Crude ORs (95% CI)

(single-pollutant)

ORs (95% CI) a

(single-pollutant)

ORs (95% CI) b

(multi-pollutant)

As, μg/L

1.06 (1.03, 1.09) ***

1.05 (1.02, 1.08) ***

1.05 (1.02, 1.08) ***

Cd, μg/L

1.03 (0.80, 1.32)

1.17 (0.89, 1.52)

1.07 (0.80, 1.43)

Cr, μg/L

1.00 (0.97, 1.04)

1.01 (0.98, 1.05)

1.01 (0.97, 1.06)

Ni, μg/L

0.98 (0.94, 1.02)

0.99 (0.95, 1.03)

0.98 (0.93, 1.03)

Pb, μg/dL

1.02 (1.01, 1.03) **

1.02 (1.00, 1.03) *

1.01 (1.00, 1.03) #

  1. #0.05 < p < 0.1; * 0.01 < p < 0.05; ** 0.001 < p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001
  2. SD: standard deviation; IQR: interquartile range
  3. a Models adjusted for age, sex, BMI (category), diabetes, and hypertension
  4. b Models adjusted for age, sex, BMI (category), diabetes, hypertension, and all metals
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Environmental Health

ISSN: 1476-069X