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Table 3 Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: Summary ORs and the results of publication bias

From: Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ECDs

No. of studies

Effect size, pooled OR (95% CI)

Heterogeneity

Publication bias

P value

I2value, %

Egger P value

Begg P value

PCBs

8

1.14 (1.00–1.31)

0.000

64.0

0.305

0.591

PBDEs

4

1.32 (1.15–1.53)

0.000

72.3

0.130

0.195

PAEs

7

1.10 (1.03–1.16)

0.302

9.6

0.069

0.198

PFAS

11

1.09 (1.02–1.16)

0.011

48.5

0.535

0.416

  1. Abbreviations: PCBs polychlorinated biphenyls, PBDEs poly-brominated diphenyl ethers, PFAS per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, PAEs phthalates, CI confidence interval, OR odds ratio