Characteristics | Term births (N = 82) | PBs (N = 83) | Pa | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
BaP-DNA adducts (µg/gDNA) | 3.21 | 0.83 | 3.56 | 1.46 | 0.058 |
Vitamin C (mg)b | |||||
Preconception | 105.4 | 37.5 | 95.0 | 32.4 | 0.08 |
1st trimester | 104.7 | 36.1 | 97.7 | 31.8 | 0.21 |
2nd trimester | 105.1 | 36.0 | 98.5 | 33.2 | 0.25 |
3rd trimester | 104.1 | 40.0 | 98.2 | 32.0 | 0.30 |
Vitamin A (µg RE)b | |||||
Preconception | 579.2 | 130.6 | 511.0 | 160.9 | 0.0059 |
1st trimester | 587.3 | 141.3 | 536.3 | 162.3 | 0.044 |
2nd trimester | 589.0 | 142.4 | 541.2 | 190.0 | 0.091 |
3rd trimester | 585.5 | 150.7 | 535.5 | 164.7 | 0.057 |
Vitamin E (mg)b | |||||
Preconception | 20.9 | 10.7 | 17.3 | 9.7 | 0.035 |
1st trimester | 20.8 | 10.6 | 17.7 | 9.7 | 0.062 |
2nd trimester | 21.0 | 10.6 | 17.8 | 15.6 | 0.052 |
3rd trimester | 20.5 | 9.2 | 17.8 | 9.7 | 0.07 |
Folate (µg)b | |||||
Preconception | 189.9 | 80.4 | 162.8 | 76.7 | 0.043 |
1st trimester | 189.9 | 78.4 | 165.7 | 74.7 | 0.058 |
2nd trimester | 191.1 | 77.8 | 169.5 | 82.1 | 0.10 |
3rd trimester | 186.4 | 68.2 | 168.2 | 73.8 | 0.12 |
Carotene (µg)b | |||||
Preconception | 3037.9 | 728.2 | 2689.8 | 897.0 | 0.012 |
1st trimester | 3008.4 | 738.0 | 2727.4 | 844.4 | 0.034 |
2nd trimester | 3035.1 | 738.9 | 2795.1 | 1045.6 | 0.12 |
3rd trimester | 3029.3 | 765.4 | 2762.9 | 851.8 | 0.048 |
Supplement intake times among ever users, N (term, PB) | |||||
Preconception & during pregnancy (67, 66) | 561.3 | 272.1 | 515.9 | 250.1 | 0.32 |
Preconception (23,23) | 64.5 | 24.5 | 124.2 | 98.4 | 0.009 |
1st trimester (60, 59) | 297.6 | 85.5 | 297.1 | 71.9 | 0.97 |
2nd trimester (46, 35) | 233.0 | 115.6 | 213.5 | 115.8 | 0.45 |
3rd trimester (37, 31) | 203.9 | 106.5 | 199.9 | 101.6 | 0.87 |