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Table 1 Neurodegenerative disease mortality (2001–2014) and baseline characteristics in the full imputed and complete case population

From: Long-term exposure to residential greenness and neurodegenerative disease mortality among older adults: a 13-year follow-up cohort study

 

Full (imputed) population (n = 1,134,502)

Complete case population (n = 911,648)

Neurodegenerative disease mortality, n (%)

 All neurodegenerative diseases

69,149 (6.10)

52,780 (5.79)

 Alzheimer’s disease

21,039 (1.85)

16,161 (1.77)

 Vascular dementia

5,651 (0.50)

4,204 (0.46)

 Unspecified dementia

31,302 (2.76)

23,570 (2.59)

 Parkinson’s disease

10,054 (0.89)

7,932 (0.87)

Age at baseline, mean ± SD

71.8 ± 7.7

71.5 ± 7.6

Women, n (%)

644,687 (56.8)

514,121 (56.4)

Migrant background, n (%)

 Belgian

1,001,938 (88.3)

813,136 (89.2)

 Other HIC

94,811 (8.4)

70,497 (7.7)

 LMIC

37,753 (3.3)

28,015 (3.1)

Educational level, n (%)

 Tertiary

143,927 (12.7)

118,543 (13.0)

 Higher Secondary

182,750 (16.1)

150,398 (16.5)

 Lower Secondary

299,778 (26.4)

242,632 (26.6)

 Low/Primary

508,047 (44.8)

400,075 (43.9)

Housing tenure, n (%)

 Owner

859,624 (75.8)

700,281 (76.8)

 Tenant

274,878 (24.2)

211,367 (23.2)

Household living arrangement, n (%)

 Cohabiting

715,546 (63.1)

591,646 (64.9)

 Single

389,895 (34.4)

298,746 (32.8)

 Other

29,061 (2.6)

21,256 (2.3)

Median net taxable income (€), median (IQR)

19,094 (4620)

19,206 (4530)

Non-movers (1991–2001), n (%)

1,003,052 (88.4)

810,682 (88.9)

Urban area, n (%)

 Antwerp

248,391 (21.9)

207,726 (22.8)

 Ghent

120,809 (10.6)

101,904 (11.2)

 Brussels

505,297 (44.5)

403,091 (44.2)

 Charleroi

104,774 (9.2)

78,782 (8.6)

 Liège

155,231 (13.7)

120,145 (13.2)

Residential surrounding greenness (NDVI, 500-m), median (IQR)

0.61 (0.22)

0.61 (0.22)

Ambient air pollution

 PM2.5 (μg/m3), median (IQR)

19.05 (2.09)

19.07 (2.09)

 NO2 (μg/m3), median (IQR)

26.56 (12.22)

26.77 (11.98)

  1. Note: SD Standard Deviation, IQR interquartile range, € euro currency, NDVI Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, PM2.5 Particulate Matter with an aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm, NO2 Nitrogen dioxide
  2. Five largest Belgian urban areas, 2001–2014