Long-term exposure to residential greenness and neurodegenerative disease mortality among older adults: a 13-year follow-up cohort study

Table 2 Associations between surrounding greenness and neurodegenerative disease mortality outcomes after adjustment for air pollution concentrations

	Neurodegene-rative disease mortality	Alzheimer’s disease mortality	Vascular dementia mortality	Unspecified dementia mortality	Parkinson’s disease mortality
	HR (95%CI)	HR (95%CI)	HR (95%CI)	HR (95%CI)	HR (95%CI)
Main model (M3)	0.959 (0.946, 0.973)	0.952 (0.928, 0.977)	0.949 (0.903, 0.998)	0.948 (0.928, 0.968)	1.007 (0.970, 1.046)
Main model (M3) + PM_2.5 (μg/m³)	0.966 (0.948, 0.985)	1.004 (0.969, 1.040)	1.014 (0.948, 1.084)	0.918 (0.892, 0.944)	0.992 (0.943, 1.044)
Main model (M3) + NO₂ (μg/m³)	0.972 (0.953, 0.991)	1.023 (0.987, 1.060)	0.986 (0.922, 1.055)	0.918 (0.892, 0.945)	1.014 (0.963, 1.068)

Abbreviations: HR Hazard Ratio, 95%CI 95% confidence intervals, PM_2.5 particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm, NO₂ nitrogen dioxide, μg/m³ micrograms per cubic metre
Five largest Belgian urban areas, 2001–2014
Cox regression models using age as the underlying time scale for the follow-up period October 1, 2001 - December 31, 2014. Main model (M3) stratified by gender and 5-year age groups, adjusted by migrant background, household living arrangement, educational level, housing tenure, median net taxable income at the level of the statistical sector, and including a frailty term for the urban areas

ISSN: 1476-069X