Table 2 Housing and environmental quality Index (HEQI): frequency distribution of AHS items for each domain and their availability in established housing indices, American Housing Survey 2019 national public file (sample N = 51,993)
No | WHO Domains and available AHS items | AHS 2019 Sample distribution N (%) | AHS items in the Poor Quality Index (PQI)?ƚ | AHS items in the Adequacy Index?ǂ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Indoor air quality | 32,226 (62.0%) | ||
Household fuel combustion | ||||
Cooking fuel: Has piped gas or LP gas | 22,137 (42.6%) | No | No | |
Heating fuel: Kerosene or other liquid fuel | 107 (0.2%) | Yesa | No | |
Heating fuel: Coal or coke | 17 (0.0%) | No | No | |
Heating fuel: Wood | 518 (1.0%) | No | No | |
Heating type: Cooking stove to heat home | 31 (0.1%) | No | No | |
Heating type: Fireplace without inserts | 23 (0.0%) | No | No | |
Heating type: Has unvented room heaters | 213 (0.4%) | Noa | No | |
Unit has a useable fireplace | 19,137 (36.8%) | No | No | |
2 | Dampness and mold | 8,012 (15.4%) | ||
Mold (in last 12 months) | ||||
Mold in bathroom | 721 (1.4%) | No | No | |
Mold in bedroom | 358 (0.7%) | No | No | |
Mold in kitchen | 248 (0.5%) | No | No | |
Mold in living room | 191 (0.4%) | No | No | |
Mold in other room | 224 (0.4%) | No | No | |
Dampness (in last 12 months) | ||||
Water leak from roof | 2,069 (4.0%) | Yes | Yes | |
Water leak from wall or closed window or door | 841 (1.6%) | Yes | Yes | |
Water leak from basement | 1,223 (2.4%) | Yes | Yes | |
Water leak with unknown inside source | 155 (0.3%) | Yes | Yes | |
Water leak from broken water heater | 344 (0.7%) | No | Yesb | |
Water leak from somewhere else outside | 592 (1.1%) | Yes | Yes | |
Water leak from pipes leaking | 1,579 (3.0%) | Yes | Yes | |
Water leak from own plumbing fixtures | 934 (1.8%) | Yes | Yes | |
Water leak from somewhere else inside | 1,038 (2.0%) | Yes | Yes | |
3 | Pests and allergens | 2,313 (4.4%) | ||
Evidence of rodents (daily or weekly) | 836 (1.6%) | Yesc | Yes | |
Evidence of cockroaches (daily or weekly) | 1,713 (3.3%) | No | No | |
4 | Lead | 805 (1.5%) | ||
Lead paint risk: Peeling paint larger than 8 × 11 inches AND year built before 1980 | 805 (1.5%) | Yesd | Yesd | |
5 | High indoor temperatures | 5,482 (10.5%) | ||
No central or window air conditioning unit | 5,482 (10.5%) | No | No | |
6 | Low indoor temperatures | 2,938 (5.7%) | ||
Unit was uncomfortable cold for 24+ hours | 2,938 (5.7%) | Yes | Yes | |
Main heating equipment broke down 1+ times for 6 h or more | 1,108 (2.1%) | Yes | Yes | |
7 | Household crowding | 252 (0.5%) | ||
Severe crowding: Occupancy-to-room Ratio > 1.5 | 252 (0.5%) | No | No | |
8 | Injury hazards | 6,014 (11.6%) | ||
Electrical | ||||
No electrical wiring | 19 (0.0%) | Yes | Yes | |
Electrical wiring exposed | 1,396 (2.7%) | Yes | No | |
Not every room has working electrical plug | 1,048 (2.0%) | Yes | No | |
Fuse(s) blown or circuit breakers tripped 2+ times in the last 3 months | 1,711 (3.3%) | Yes | Yes | |
Structural Integrity | ||||
Floor has holes | 547 (1.1%) | Yes | Yes | |
Walls or ceilings have open holes or cracks wider than dime | 2,568 (4.9%) | Yes | Yes | |
9 | Inadequate water and sanitation | 6,077 (11.7%) | ||
Water quality and quantity | ||||
Unit has no hot/cold running water | 120 (0.2%) | Yes | Yes | |
Unit without running water in last 90 days | 1,361 (2.6%) | Yese | Yese | |
Non-public drinking water sources (e.g. individual wells) | 3,874 (7.5%) | No | No | |
Poor sanitation | ||||
1+ toilet breakdowns within last 3 months that lasted 6 h or more | 659 (1.3%) | Yes | Yes | |
1+ sewer breakdowns within last 3 months that last 6 h or more | 497 (1.0%) | Yes | No | |
Unit has NO bathtub OR shower OR no flush toilet | 48 (0.1%) | Yes | Yes | |
Unit does NOT have working kitchen sink | 92 (0.2%) | Yesf | No | |
10 | Ventilation | 1,624 (3.1%) | ||
High building leakagec^: Normalized leakage > 2.5 | 1,624 (3.1%) | No | No | |