From: The neighbourhood environment and profiles of the metabolic syndrome
Characteristics | Statistics | Characteristics | Statistics |
---|---|---|---|
Socio-demographic and other individual and household characteristics | |||
Age, years, M ± SD | 60.7 ± 11.2 | Sex, female, % | 55.23 |
Educational attainment, % | Smoking history, % | ||
Up to secondary | 32.4 | Current smoker | 7.2 |
Trade, technician certificate | 29.1 | Previous smoker | 36.9 |
Associate diploma & equiv. | 14.7 | Non-smoker | 56.0 |
Bachelor degree, post-graduate diploma | 23.8 | Household income, annual, % | |
Living arrangements, % | Up to $49,999 | 33.6 | |
Couple without children | 49.3 | $50,000 - $99,999 | 28.0 |
Couple with children | 27.9 | $100,000 and over | 30.3 |
Other | 22.8 | Does not know or refusal | 8.2 |
Employment status, % | |||
In paid work | 54.2 | ||
Volunteering | 16.2 | ||
Neither | 29.6 | ||
Neighbourhood self-selection – access to destinations [range: 1–5], M ± SD | 2.9 ± 1.3 | Neighbourhood self-selection – recreational facilities [range: 1–5], M ± SD | 3.1 ± 1.5 |
Metabolic syndrome components, including those taking drug treatments | |||
Waist circumference, % | Fasting blood glucose, % | ||
Normal | 27.3 | Normal | 66.3 |
“Obese” (circumference based on gender and ethnicity) | 72.8 | ≥5.6 mmol/L or known diabetes on drug treatment | 33.7 |
Triglycerides, % | High-density lipoprotein–C, % | ||
Normal | 76.7 | Normal | 87.3 |
≥1.7 mmol/L with drug treatment for elevated triglycerides as an alternative indicator | 23.3 | HDL-C < 1.0 (men) < 1.3 (women) mmol/L with drug treatment for low HDL-C as alternative indicator | 12.7 |
Blood pressure, % | Number of metabolic syndrome traits per person, % | ||
Normal blood pressure | 45.6 | 0 | 13.0 |
≥130/85 mmHg with antihypertensive drug treatment as an alternative indicator | 54.4 | 1 | 24.9 |
2 | 29.1 | ||
3 | 21.2 | ||
4 | 9.1 | ||
5 | 2.8 | ||
Neighbourhood environment characteristics (1 km street-network buffers), M ± SD | |||
Population density, persons/ha | Blue space, % | ||
1 km buffer | 17.5 ± 10.1 | 1 km buffer | 0.3 ± 2.1 |
Commercial land use, % | Street intersection density, intersections/km2 | ||
1 km buffer | 2.6 ± 6.2 | 1 km buffer | 62.5 ± 32.7 |
Parkland, % | Land use mix (other) | ||
1 km buffer | 11.7 ± 12.5 | 1 km buffer | 0.1 ± 0.1 |
Area SES (IRSAD) | 6.4 ± 2.7 | Air pollution: NO2, ppb | 5.6 ± 2.1 |
Air pollution: PM2.5, μg/m3 | 6.3 ± 1.7 |