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Table 3 Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for the risk of breast cancer relative to the natural logarithm transformed concentrations of three selected perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in a logistic regression model

From: Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) as risk factors for breast cancer: a case–control study in Chinese population

(ng/ml)

Cases/

controls

Crude OR (95%CI)

Cases/

controls

Adjusted OR (95%CI)

PFOA

373/657

2.39 (1.88, 3.05)*

315/447

3.32 (2.32, 4.75)*

PFDA

373/657

2.00 (1.54, 2.58)*

315/447

2.22 (1.55, 3.17)*

PFTrDA

373/657

0.04 (0.03, 0.06)*

315/447

0.03 (0.02, 0.06)*

  1. Final multivariable model were adjusted for age at baseline (years), BMI (kg/m2), smoking history, age at menarche (years), age of menopause (years), parity, breastfeeding duration (months), use of estrogen or estrogen replacement therapy, family history of breast cancer, education (years), monthly household income per capita (RMB/month), red meat consumption, pickled, fried, smoked, and barbecued food consumption. The OR and 95% CI of breast cancer were estimated by one SD increase in ln-transformed PFOA, PFDA, and PFTrDA as continuous variables
  2. Abbreviations: OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence interval, PFOA Perfluoro-n-octanoic acid, PFDA Perfluoro-n-decanoic acid, PFTrDA Perfluoro-n-tridecanoic acid
  3. * p-value for trend < 0.05