Identifying pre-conception and pre-natal periods in which ambient air pollution exposure affects fetal growth in the predominately Hispanic MADRES cohort

Table 4 Linear Regression Results for Prenatal Average Air Pollution Exposure and Fetal Growth

	EFW (g)^a	HC (mm)^a	AC (mm)^a	BPD (mm)^a	FL (mm)^a
	\(\upbeta\)(95% CI)	\(\upbeta\)(95% CI)	\(\upbeta\)(95% CI)	\(\upbeta\)(95% CI)	\(\upbeta\)(95% CI)
NO₂ (ppb)	-35.6 (-98.7, 27.5)	-1.2 (-4.0, 1.6)	-2.6 (-6.3, 1.2)	0.001 (-0.9, 0.9)	0.1 (-0.6, 0.9)
O₃ (ppb)	13.6 (-38.1, 65.2)	-0.7 (-3.0, 1.6)	0.8 (-2.3, 3.8)	0.2 (-0.5, 1.0)	0.2 (-0.4, 0.8)
PM_2.5 (\(\mu\) g/m³)	-57.5 (-114.5, -0.4)*	-1.0 (-3.5, 1.6)	-3.8 (-7.1, -0.4)*	-0.4 (-1.2, 0.4)	-0.3 (-1.1, 0.3)
PM₁₀ (\(\mu\) g/m³)	-22.4 (-75.5, 30.7)	0.3 (-2.0, 2.7)	-1.8 (-4.9, 1.3)	-0.2 (-0.9, 0.6)	0.3 (-0.5, 0.7)

Beta estimates are standardized to the IQR of the pregnancy average ambient air pollutant NO₂ = 5.6 ppb; O₃ = 5.7 ppb; PM_2.5 = 2.2 g\(\mu\)/m³ PM₁₀ = 7.1 g\(\mu\)/m³
EFW Estimated Fetal Weight, HC Head Circumference, AC Abdominal Circumference, BPD Biparietal Diameter, FL Femur Length
^aAdjusted for maternal age at time of study recruitment, maternal race and ethnicity, maternal education level, household income, parity, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), sex of the fetus, gestational age at time of ultrasound scan, average temperature, season of ultrasound, ultrasound technician, and recruitment site
^*p < 0.05;

ISSN: 1476-069X