Table 4 Associations between the outcomes (HAZ and stunting) and PM2.5 experienced during different trimesters from fully-adjusted models
From: Impact of air pollution on stunting among children in Africa
| Â | HAZ | Stunting | Covariates |
|---|---|---|---|
Model 1 | |||
 Trimester 1 PM2.5 | −0.001 (− 0.004, 0.002) | 1.007* (1.002, 1.012) | Child-level + Maternal + Household characteristics + cluster + country-month and year fixed effects + Temperature and Precipitation in trimester 1 + Lifetime Temperature and Precipitation |
 Trimester 2 PM2.5 | 0.004 (− 0.004, 0.012) | 0.999 (0.988, 1.010) | Child-level + Maternal + Household characteristics + cluster + country-month and year fixed effects + Temperature and Precipitation in trimester 2 + Lifetime Temperature and Precipitation |
 Trimester 3 PM2.5 | −0.004 (− 0.012, 0.004) | 1.000 (0.989, 1.012) | Child-level + Maternal + Household characteristics + cluster + country-month and year fixed effects + Temperature and Precipitation in trimester 3 + Lifetime Temperature and Precipitation |
Model 2 (Using residuals of regressing trimester-specific PM2.5 concentrations against concentrations in other trimesters) | |||
 Trimester 1 PM2.5 | −0.002 (− 0.005, 0.001) | 1.006* (1.002, 1.011) | Child-level + Maternal + Household characteristics + cluster + country-month and year fixed effects + Temperature and Precipitation in trimester 1 + Lifetime Temperature and Precipitation |
 Trimester 2 PM2.5 | 0.005 (− 0.001, 0.011) | 0.995 (0.986, 1.003) | Child-level + Maternal + Household characteristics + cluster + country-month and year fixed effects + Temperature and Precipitation in trimester 2 + Lifetime Temperature and Precipitation |
 Trimester 3 PM2.5 | −0.005 (− 0.011, 0.002) | 1.000 (0.991, 1.009) | Child-level + Maternal + Household characteristics + cluster + country-month and year fixed effects + Temperature and Precipitation in trimester 3 + Lifetime Temperature and Precipitation |