| Urinary BPA levels | Urinary BPS levels | Urinary BPF levels | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | |
Variables | N = 301 | N = 325 | N = 334 | N = 291 | N = 327 | N = 342 | N = 435 | N = 284 | N = 241 |
Age a†| 54.2 (16.5) | 52.2 (17.4) | 52.4 (17.8) | 54.8 (17.4) | 52.8 (16.9) | 51.4 (17.4) | 52.3 (17.2) | 53.9 (17.0) | 52.6 (17.7) |
Sex, n(%) | |||||||||
 Female | 172 (57.1%) | 182 (56.0%) | 162 (48.5%) | 150 (51.5%) | 181 (55.4%) | 185 (54.1%) | 240 (55.2%) | 146 (51.4%) | 130 (53.9%) |
 Male | 129 (42.9%) | 143 (44.0%) | 172 (51.5%) | 141 (48.5%) | 146 (44.6%) | 157 (45.9%) | 195 (44.8%) | 138 (48.6%) | 111 (46.1%) |
Ethnicity, n(%) *†! | |||||||||
 Non-Hispanic White | 103 (34.2%) | 124 (38.2%) | 140 (41.9%) | 134 (46.0%) | 127 (38.8%) | 106 (31.0%) | 132 (30.3%) | 114 (40.1%) | 121 (50.2%) |
 Non-Hispanic Black | 43 (14.3%) | 76 (23.4%) | 93 (27.8%) | 39 (13.4%) | 73 (22.3%) | 100 (29.2%) | 80 (18.4%) | 59 (20.8%) | 73 (30.3%) |
 Non-Hispanic Asian | 73 (24.3%) | 37 (11.4%) | 19 (5.69%) | 58 (19.9%) | 44 (13.5%) | 27 (7.89%) | 89 (20.5%) | 31 (10.9%) | 9 (3.73%) |
 Mexican American | 48 (15.9%) | 42 (12.9%) | 40 (12.0%) | 36 (12.4%) | 35 (10.7%) | 59 (17.3%) | 80 (18.4%) | 34 (12.0%) | 16 (6.64%) |
 Other Hispanic | 34 (11.3%) | 46 (14.2%) | 42 (12.6%) | 24 (8.25%) | 48 (14.7%) | 50 (14.6%) | 54 (12.4%) | 46 (16.2%) | 22 (9.13%) |
Education, n(%) | |||||||||
 Less than high school | 61 (20.3%) | 84 (25.8%) | 65 (19.5%) | 59 (20.3%) | 71 (21.7%) | 80 (23.4%) | 103 (23.7%) | 64 (22.5%) | 43 (17.8%) |
 High school or equivalent | 66 (21.9%) | 63 (19.4%) | 81 (24.3%) | 51 (17.5%) | 80 (24.5%) | 79 (23.1%) | 100 (23.0%) | 54 (19.0%) | 56 (23.2%) |
 College or above | 174 (57.8%) | 178 (54.8%) | 188 (56.3%) | 181 (62.2%) | 176 (53.8%) | 183 (53.5%) | 232 (53.3%) | 166 (58.5%) | 142 (58.9%) |
Poverty income ratio†| |||||||||
  < 1.0 | 61 (20.3%) | 66 (20.3%) | 82 (24.6%) | 47 (16.2%) | 73 (22.3%) | 89 (26.0%) | 98 (22.5%) | 59 (20.8%) | 52 (21.6%) |
  ≥ 1.0 | 240 (79.7%) | 259 (79.7%) | 252 (75.4%) | 244 (83.8%) | 254 (77.7%) | 253 (74.0%) | 337 (77.5%) | 225 (79.2%) | 189 (78.4%) |
Smoking, n(%) | |||||||||
 never | 193 (64.1%) | 206 (63.4%) | 197 (59.0%) | 183 (62.9%) | 194 (59.3%) | 219 (64.0%) | 290 (66.7%) | 174 (61.3%) | 132 (54.8%) |
 former | 69 (22.9%) | 74 (22.8%) | 86 (25.7%) | 73 (25.1%) | 82 (25.1%) | 74 (21.6%) | 91 (20.9%) | 70 (24.6%) | 68 (28.2%) |
 current | 39 (13.0%) | 45 (13.8%) | 51 (15.3%) | 35 (12.0%) | 51 (15.6%) | 49 (14.3%) | 54 (12.4%) | 40 (14.1%) | 41 (17.0%) |
Drinking, n(%)! | |||||||||
 No or unknown | 99 (32.9%) | 102 (31.4%) | 92 (27.5%) | 91 (31.3%) | 90 (27.5%) | 112 (32.7%) | 154 (35.4%) | 69 (24.3%) | 70 (29.0%) |
 Yes | 202 (67.1%) | 223 (68.6%) | 242 (72.5%) | 200 (68.7%) | 237 (72.5%) | 230 (67.3%) | 281 (64.6%) | 215 (75.7%) | 171 (71.0%) |
Hypertension, n(%) | |||||||||
 No | 155 (51.5%) | 183 (56.3%) | 166 (49.7%) | 158 (54.3%) | 168 (51.4%) | 178 (52.0%) | 233 (53.6%) | 143 (50.4%) | 128 (53.1%) |
 Yes | 146 (48.5%) | 142 (43.7%) | 168 (50.3%) | 133 (45.7%) | 159 (48.6%) | 164 (48.0%) | 202 (46.4%) | 141 (49.6%) | 113 (46.9%) |
Diabetes, n(%) | |||||||||
 No | 223 (74.1%) | 252 (77.5%) | 247 (74.0%) | 225 (77.3%) | 249 (76.1%) | 248 (72.5%) | 319 (73.3%) | 224 (78.9%) | 179 (74.3%) |
 Yes | 78 (25.9%) | 73 (22.5%) | 87 (26.0%) | 66 (22.7%) | 78 (23.9%) | 94 (27.5%) | 116 (26.7%) | 60 (21.1%) | 62 (25.7%) |
 BMI, (kg/m2) a *†! | 28.5 (6.80) | 28.7 (6.43) | 30.7 (7.73) | 28.2 (6.91) | 29.1 (6.69) | 30.6 (7.42) | 28.9 (6.85) | 29.4 (7.01) | 30.0 (7.54) |
 TC, (mg/dL) a ! | 192 (40.8) | 188 (38.3) | 184 (39.8) | 190 (39.8) | 187 (41.4) | 186 (37.8) | 192 (41.8) | 188 (37.6) | 181 (37.1) |
 TG, (mg/dL) b * | 95.0 [65.0;146] | 87.0 [58.0;123] | 100 [65.2;139] | 94.0 [65.0;136] | 91.0 [64.0;134] | 99.0 [61.0;138] | 96.0 [65.0;133] | 92.5 [63.0;139] | 91.0 [58.0;135] |
 LDL-C, (mg/dL) a! | 114 (36.1) | 112 (34.1) | 109 (34.3) | 113 (34.0) | 112 (37.4) | 111 (33.0) | 115 (36.9) | 111 (33.6) | 107 (31.8) |
 HDL-C, (mg/dL) a * | 55.4 (15.2) | 55.9 (16.8) | 52.6 (15.9) | 55.1 (15.2) | 54.6 (15.7) | 54.2 (17.2) | 55.2 (16.2) | 54.5 (16.9) | 53.6 (14.7) |
 Glucose, (mg/dL) a†| 111 (36.2) | 112 (42.3) | 111 (33.3) | 108 (30.2) | 110 (35.8) | 116 (43.6) | 114 (42.4) | 109 (29.4) | 110 (36.0) |
 HbA1c (%) a†| 5.91 (1.26) | 5.97 (1.40) | 5.87 (1.10) | 5.82 (1.07) | 5.87 (1.17) | 6.04 (1.46) | 6.00 (1.41) | 5.85 (1.10) | 5.84 (1.13) |
 Urinary BPA, (ng/mL)b *†! | 0.40 [0.20;0.50] | 1.10 [0.80;1.30] | 3.00 [2.10;4.68] | 0.70 [0.40;1.40] | 1.20 [0.60;2.40] | 1.40 [0.70;2.80] | 0.80 [0.40;1.70] | 1.30 [0.60;2.40] | 1.40 [0.70;3.40] |
 Urinary BPS, (ng/mL)b *†! | 0.30 [0.10;0.90] | 0.50 [0.20;1.10] | 0.70 [0.30;1.60] | 0.10 [0.07;0.20] | 0.50 [0.30;0.60] | 1.60 [1.10;3.00] | 0.50 [0.20;1.10] | 0.50 [0.20;1.12] | 0.60 [0.30;1.40] |
 Urinary BPF, (ng/mL) b *! | 0.14 [0.14;0.50] | 0.20 [0.14;0.70] | 0.40 [0.14;1.10] | 0.20 [0.14;0.60] | 0.30 [0.14;0.90] | 0.30 [0.14;0.90] | 0.14 [0.14;0.14] | 0.40 [0.30;0.50] | 1.90 [1.10;5.30] |
 HSI a *†| 37.7 (7.95) | 37.9 (7.72) | 39.8 (8.71) | 37.2 (7.86) | 38.2 (7.84) | 39.9 (8.61) | 38.2 (8.11) | 38.4 (7.93) | 39.2 (8.65) |
NAFLD, n(%) *†| |||||||||
 No | 150 (49.8%) | 145 (44.6%) | 125 (37.4%) | 152 (52.2%) | 147 (45.0%) | 121 (35.4%) | 196 (45.1%) | 125 (44.0%) | 99 (41.1%) |
 Yes | 151 (50.2%) | 180 (55.4%) | 209 (62.6%) | 139 (47.8%) | 180 (55.0%) | 221 (64.6%) | 239 (54.9%) | 159 (56.0%) | 142 (58.9%) |