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Table 1 Sex, scholar level, age, and adherence to the Mediterranean Diet according to CO2 emissions (quartiles)

From: Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and adherence to Mediterranean diet in an adult population: the Mediterranean diet index as a pollution level index

 

Q1 § n = 1661

Q2 § n = 1662

Q3 § n = 1663

Q4 § n = 1660

p-value

Sex

 Men

788 (47.4)

824 (49.6)

884 (53.2)

932 (56.1)

< 0.001

 Women

873 (52.6)

838 (50.4)

779 (46.8)

728 (43.9)

Highest scholar level

 Bachelor’s degree

201 (12.1)

202 (12.2)

214 (12.9)

241 (14.5)

< 0.001

 College School Technician

143 (8.6)

164 (9.9)

138 (8.3)

155 (9.3)

 Secondary School

415 (25)

456 (27.4)

499 (30)

548 (33)

 Primary School

902 (54.3)

840 (50.5)

812 (48.8)

716 (43.1)

Age (years)

65.2 (4.9)c

65.1 (4.9)

64.8 (4.9)

64.8 (4.9)c

0.02

Weight (kg)

85.4 (12.8)b c

86.1 (12.8)

86.8 (12.8)b

87.8 (13.4)c

< 0.001

BMI (kg/m2)

32.5 (3.5)c

32.5 (3.4)

32.5 (3.5)

32.7 (3.5)c

0.039

Energy intake (Kcal/day)

2329 (582.2)c

2358.4 (527.8)

2368.6 (538.1)

2404.8 (554)c

0.001

MedDiet Adherence

 Low adherence (0-8)

715 (43)

771 (46.4)

869 (52.3)

1013 (61)

< 0.001

 High adherence (9-17)

946 (57)

891 (53.6)

794 (47.7)

647 (39)

  1. Data are expressed in n (%) or mean (standard deviation)
  2. Abbreviations: BMI Body Mass Index, MedDiet Mediterranean Diet
  3. §Kg of CO2 per consumed food = Kg of each consumed food from FFQ*Kg CO2 emitted per kg of each food (EU data base 2016). Four groups were considered according to CO2 emissions: Q1: ≤2.01 kg CO2/day; Q2: 2.02-2.34 kg CO2/day; Q3: 2.35-2.80 kg CO2/day; Q4: > 2.80 kg CO2/day. Differences between groups were assessed by chi-square for categorical variables and difference in means between groups were tested by one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s post-hoc for age
  4. Bonferroni's post-hoc differences: b: Q1 vs Q3; c: Q1 vs Q4