The effect of high polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure on biological aging indicators

Table 2 SEM results of mediation analysis for DNAmAge

	Endogenous variables	Exogenous variables	Beta Coef.	95%CI		p-value
	Endogenous variables	Exogenous variables	Beta Coef.	Lower	Upper	p-value
Structural Equations	DNAmAge	Occup_PAHs	0.07	0.06	0.08	0.000
		Environ_PAHs	38.6	3.40	73.9	0.267
		nDNA_changes	−0.98	−2.08	0.11	0.079
		Chronic diseases	4.44	2.83	6.06	0.000
	nDNA_changes	Occup_PAHs	0.02	−0.003	0.05	0.094
	nDNA_changes	Environ_PAHs	4.28	1.14	7.42	0.008
Measurement	Diet ← Environ_PAHs		1	(constrained)
	Indoor ← Environ_PAHs		3.43	−7.11	14.0	0.523
	Outdoor ← Environ_PAHs		7.86	−5.32	21.0	0.242
	MN ← nDNA_changes		1	(constrained)
	Anti-BPDE-DNA adducts ← nDNA_changes		1.81	1.63	1.99	0.000
	LINE-1 (%mC) ← nDNA_changes		1.42	1.24	1.61	0.000
	p53 (%mC) ← nDNA_changes		−2.53	−2.97	−2.10	0.000
	Alu (%mC) ← nDNa_changes		0.25	0.22	0.27	0.000
	HICI (%mC) ← nDNA_changes		−0.96	−1.28	−0.63	0.000
	IL-6 (%mC) ← nDNA_changes		1.66	0.49	2.83	0.005
	p16 (%mC) ← nDNA_changes		−0.05	−0.06	−0.04	0.000
	GSTM1 ← nDNA_changes		0.02	-0.12	0.21	0.578
Covariances	cov(Occup_PAHs,Environ_PAHs)		0.54	-1.01	2.14	0.483
Covariances	cov(Chron_d,Environ_PAHs)		−0.01	−0.02	−0.001	0.033

Three groups of SEM results (structural equations; measurement; covariances) for the mediation analysis of biological age. Beta coefficients with “minus” sign indicating inverse relationship. Lower and upper limit of 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) and p-values estimated with standard error adjusted for 2 clusters (coke-oven workers and controls). Number of observations = 87
Abbreviations: DNAmAge DNA methylation age, nDNA_changes Latent variable estimated by SEM (overall change of DNA) based on MN, Anti-BPDE-DNA adducts, LINE-1, p53, Alu, HICI, IL-6, p16, GSTM1, Environ_PAHs Latent variable estimated by SEM (environmental exposure to PAHs) based on diet, indoor and outdoor activities, MN Micronuclei, PAHs Exposure to Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Occup_PAHs (years of work in the cokery) × (1-pyrenol in μmoles/mol creatinine)
Goodness of fit statistics: Standardized root mean squared residual (SRMR) = 0.09; Coefficient of determination (CD) = 0.703; Stability index = 0 (SEM satisfies stability condition)

ISSN: 1476-069X