Effects of air pollution on restricted activity days: systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 2 Pooled relative risks

Pollutant	Outcome	Study type	Articles	N	RR (95%CI) (Random-effects model)	80%PI	I2
PM₁₀	WLD and SLD combined	TS or CHS	7	7	1.0175 (1.0040–1.0311)	0.9964–1.0389	69%
PM₁₀	SLD	TS or CHS	6	6	1.0149 (1.0017–1.0283)	0.9943–1.0360	69%
PM_2.5	SLD	TS, PS or CCO	6	8	1.0173 (1.0056–1.0290)	0.9951–1.0399	99%
PM_2.5	RAD	CS	1	6	1.0493 (1.0288–1.0702)	1.0092–1.0910	91%
PM_2.5	RRAD	CS	1	6	1.1575 (1.1207–1.1956)	1.1210–1.1952	10%
PM_2.5	MRAD	CS	1	6	1.0710 (0.8862–1.2943)	0.7243–1.5835	99%
PM_2.5	WLD	CS	1	6	1.0699 (0.9971–1.1481)	0.9276–1.2341	97%
NO₂	WLD and SLD combined	TS, CHS or CCO	7	7	1.0075 (0.9915–1.0237)	0.9800–1.0358	77%
NO₂	SLD	TS, CHS or CCO	6	6	1.0085 (0.9909–1.0264)	0.9782–1.0398	80%
O₃	SLD	TS, PS or CHS	4	4	1.0134 (0.9715–1.0571)	0.9381–1.0948	87%
O₃	RRAD	CS	1	6	0.9595 (0.9188–1.0020)	0.8838–1.0416	86%
O₃	MRAD	CS	1	6	1.0150 (0.9762–1.0552)	0.9377–1.0986	97%

PM₁₀ particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters less or equal than 10 μm, PM_2.5 particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters less or equal than 2.5 μm, NO₂ nitrogen dioxide, O₃ ozone, WLD work-loss day, SLD school-loss day, RAD restricted activity day, RRAD respiratory-related restricted activity day, MRAD minor restricted activity day, TS time-series study, CHS cohort study, PS panel study, CCO case-crossover study, CS cross-sectional study, Articles number of articles included, N number of effect sizes, RR pooled relative risk, calculated for a 10 μg/m³ increase in the pollutant level, 95% CI 95% confidence interval, 80% PI 80% prediction interval, I2 I-Squared values

ISSN: 1476-069X