Table 1 Characteristics of sons and their mothers, according to maternal occupational pesticide exposure during pregnancy
From: The risk of cryptorchidism among sons of women working in horticulture in Denmark: a cohort study
Horticulture workers | Background population (n = 783,817) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Sons characteristics | Exposed (n = 502) | Not exposed (n = 144) | |
Cryptorchidism prevalence [no. (%)] | 15 (3.0) | 2 (1.4) | 16,900 (2.2) |
Orchiopexy prevalence [no. (%)] | 10 (2.0) | 1 (0.69) | 11,836 (1.5) |
Birth weight g, mean (standard deviation SD) | 3533 (587) | 3596 (555) | 3529 (611) |
Birth length cm, mean (range) | 52 (38;58) | 53 (44;58) | 52 (21;65) |
Gestational age at birth < 37 weeks, [no. (%)] | 34 (6.8) | 11 (7.7) | 49,227 (6.5) |
Gestational age at interview, mean (range) (n = 516)a | 12 (1;34) | 15 (4;31) | ∙∙ |
Obstetric department: | |||
Aarhus [no. (%)] | 101 (21) | 20 (14) | 38,986 (7) |
Odense [no. (%)] | 232 (48) | 47 (33) | 22,830 (4) |
Other [no. (%)] | 154 (32) | 77 (53) | 494,261 (89) |
Calendar year of birth | |||
1986-1994 [no. (%)] | 85 (17) | 6 (4) | 226,105 (29) |
1995-2002 [no. (%)] | 258 (51) | 69 (48) | 249,655 (32) |
2003-2008 [no. (%)] | 159 (32) | 69 (48) | 308,057 (39) |
Season of birth | |||
Spring (March-May) [no. (%)] | 125 (25) | 37 (26) | 200,253 (26) |
Summer (June-August) [no. (%)] | 131 (26) | 39 (27) | 207,249 (26) |
Autumn (September-November) [no. (%)] | 113 (23) | 35 (24) | 192,957 (25) |
Winter (December-February) [no. (%)] | 133 (26) | 33 (23) | 183,358 (23) |
Sub-Cohort | |||
1 [no. (%)] | 226 (45) | 23 (16) | ∙∙ |
2 [no. (%)] | 108 (22) | 28 (19) | ∙∙ |
3 [no. (%)] | 68 (14) | 69 (48) | ∙∙ |
4 [no. (%)] | 100 (20) | 24 (17) | ∙∙ |
Parental characteristics | |||
Parity ≥ 1 a [no. (%)] | 354 (73) | 124 (89) | 464,587 (78) |
Maternal age, mean (range) | 27 (17;42) | 28 (17;40) | 29 (12;54) |
Paternal age, mean (range) | 30 (19;52) | 31 (20;54) | 32 (15;78) |
Maternal smoking [no. (%)] (n = 584,203) a | 104 (22) | 34 (24) | 134,781 (23) |
Maternal BMI, mean (range) (n = 254) a | 23 (15;41) | 23 (17;38) | ∙∙ |
Maternal diabetes [no. (%)] (n = 414) a | 1 (0.34) | 0 | ∙∙ |
Fertility treatment [no. (%)] (n = 254) a | 13 (7) | 4 (6) | ∙∙ |
Weeks worked during pregnancy, mean (range) (n = 45) a | 18 (0;32) | 21 (4;32) | ∙∙ |
Worked full time [no. (%)] (n = 177) a | 102 (91) | 57 (88) | ∙∙ |
Previous spontaneous abortion/still birth [no. (%)] (n = 421,006) a | 40 (15) | 2 (5) | 121,305 (29) |
Previous induced abortion [no. (%)] (n = 360,891) a | 38 (14) | 8 (21) | 72,054 (20) |