Risk assessment of diesel exhaust and lung cancer: combining human and animal studies after adjustment for biases in epidemiological studies

Table 7 Individual study and pooled bias-adjusted effect estimates comparing diesel exposed versus non-exposed and their 95% C.I.'s.

Study		Bias Adjusted Estimate	95% C.I.
Human studies
Garshick et al. [18]		1.24	1.16 - 1.31
Wellmann et al. [19]		1.88	1.57 - 2.19
Gustavsson et al. [20]		1.76	1.15 - 2.37
Pooled	Fixed^a	1.279	1.207 - 1.351
	Random	1.594	1.086 - 2.101
	Random without bias adjustment	1.727	1.218 - 2.236
Animal studies
Nikula et al. [31]		1.43	0.95 - 1.90
Brightwell et al. [29]		1.25	0.83 - 1.67
Mauderly et al. [32]		1.58	0.84 - 2.31
Pooled	Fixed	1.365	1.075 - 1.654
	Random	1.365	1.075 - 1.654
All studies (pooled estimate)
Fixed^a		1.284	1.215 - 1.354
Random		1.492	1.210 - 1.775
Random without bias adjustment		1.586	1.279 - 1.892

ISSN: 1476-069X