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Table 4 Logistic regression model results a

From: Blood cadmium is elevated in iron deficient U.S. children: a cross-sectional study

  

Blood Cd

 

Urinary Cd/g Cr

 

Urinary Cd

 

Outcome

Exposure

OR (95% CI)

 

OR (95% CI)

 

OR (95% CI)

 
  

Crude

Adjustedb

Crude

Adjustedb

Crudec

Adjustedd

ID

High vs. low Cd

2.50 (1.82-3.43)

2.78 (1.87-4.12)

1.77 (1.08-2.90)

1.37 (0.81-2.34)

1.64 (0.91-2.97)

1.21 (0.64-2.28)

 

Med. vs. low Cd

2.17 (1.72-2.74)

1.90 (1.48-2.43)

1.08 (0.63-1.85)

1.01 (0.58-1.77)

1.17 (0.69-2.00)

1.06 (0.61-1.86)

 

p-trend

<0.0001

<0.0001

0.02

0.22

0.10

0.56

IDA

High vs. low Cd

3.90 (2.11-7.17)

4.02 (1.92-8.41)

1.00 (0.46-2.19)

0.79 (0.35-0.75)

1.78 (0.55-5.73)

0.83 (0.24-2.82)

 

Med. vs. low Cd

2.46 (1.48-4.10)

2.00 (1.17-3.42)

0.82 (0.35-1.89)

0.80 (0.34-1.89)

1.10 (0.35-3.48)

0.83 (0.25-2.77)

 

p-trend

<0.0001

0.0001

0.86

0.48

0.33

0.77

Low SF

High vs. low Cd

2.80 (2.08-3.77)

4.08 (2.36-5.89)

1.62 (1.03-2.55)

1.42 (0.88-2.29)

1.91 (1.10-3.31)

1.63 (0.91-2.92)

 

Med. vs. low Cd

2.50 (2.02-3.11)

2.38 (1.89-3.00)

1.00 (0.61-1.63)

0.99 (0.59-1.63)

1.30 (0.80-2.13)

1.28 (0.76-2.14)

 

p-trend

<0.0001

<0.0001

0.03

0.14

0.02

0.1

High FEP

High vs. low Cd

1.26 (0.95-1.69)

1.36 (0.95-1.95)

1.42 (0.95-2.14)

1.02 (0.66-1.58)

1.47 (0.91-2.38)

1.12 (0.67-1.88)

 

Med. vs. low Cd

1.29 (1.06-1.56)

1.07 (0.88-1.32)

1.16 (0.76-1.75)

0.99 (0.64-1.53)

1.14 (0.75-1.73)

0.99 (0.64-1.54)

 

p-trend

0.013

0.133

0.09

0.91

0.19

0.67

Low TSAT

High vs. low Cd

1.34 (1.06-1.69)

1.74 (1.30-2.34)

1.19 (0.87-1.64)

1.07 (0.77-1.49)

1.12 (0.76-1.65)

0.94 (0.62-1.41)

 

Med. vs. low Cd

1.23 (1.05-1.44)

1.26 (1.07-1.48)

0.84 (0.60-1.16)

0.82 (0.58-1.15)

1.05 (0.75-1.46)

1.02 (0.72-1.43)

 

p-trend

0.002

<0.0001

0.27

0.67

0.57

0.76

  1. aCrude and adjusted odds of ID, IDA, low SF, high FEP, and low TSAT for children with high and medium Cd versus low Cd.
  2. bModels adjusted for gender, age, race/ethnicity, PIR, and serum cotinine.
  3. cModels adjusted for UCr only.
  4. dModels adjusted for gender, age, race/ethnicity, PIR, serum cotinine, and UCr.
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Environmental Health

ISSN: 1476-069X