Skip to main content

Table 5 Prevalence of wheeze ever, current wheeze and severe wheeze amongst the participants from Tembisa along with crude and adjusted odd ratios

From: Association between wheeze and selected air pollution sources in an air pollution priority area in South Africa: a cross-sectional study

 

Totala

Prevalence (%)

Crude OR (95% CI)b

p

Adjusted OR(95% CI)b

p

Wheeze ever c

      

Vigorous physical activity per week

      

Never or occasionally

696

20.8

1

 

1

1

Once or twice per week

975

40.1

1.84 (1.47-2.31)

0.000

1.82 (1.44-2.28)

0.000

Three or more times a week

605

32.4

1.82 (1.41-2.33)

0.000

1.75 (1.36-2.26)

0.000

Residential heating fuel type most frequently used

      

Electricity

1233

26.7

1

 

1

 

Gas

214

39.2

1.77 (1.31-2.40)

0.000

1.68 (1.23-2.28)

0.001

Paraffin

607

30.6

1.21 (0.98-1.50)

0.075

1.16 (0.94-1.45)

0.159

Open fires (wood, coal)

207

20.0

1.06 (0.77-1.48)

0.688

1.01 (0.73-1.41)

0.912

Current wheeze d

Residential heating fuel type most frequently used

      

Electricity

1225

15.2

1

 

1

 

Gas

212

22.2

1.59 (1.11-2.27)

0.011

1.61 (1.08-2.39)

0.018

Paraffin

606

17.5

1.18 (0.91-1.53)

0.205

0.81 (0.58-1.13)

0.222

Open fires, wood, coal

207

31.0

0.83 (0.54-1.29)

0.424

0.63 (0.38-1.05)

0.077

ETS exposure at home in the past 30 days

      

No

914

14.1

1

 

1

 

Yes

998

18.7

1.40 (1.09-1.79)

0.007

1.36 (1.06-1.77)

0.017

Vigorous physical activity per week

      

Never or occasionally

692

11.6

1

 

1

 

Once or twice per week

970

18.8

1.76 (1.33-2,34)

0.000

1.81 (1.31-2.50)

0.000

Three or more times a week

603

18.2

1.70 (1.25-2.33)

0.001

1.61 (1.12-2.30)

0.009

Severe wheeze e

      

Residential heating fuel type most frequently used

      

Electricity

186

66.1

1

 

1

 

Gas

47

78.2

1.89 (0.88-4.05)

0.100

1.95 (0.89-4.27)

0.093

Paraffin

106

79.2

1.95 (1.11-3.42)

0.019

1.85 (1.04-3.28)

0.034

Open fires, wood, coal

27

77.7

1.79 (0.68-4.66)

0.232

1.76 (0.66-4.68)

0.257

Frequency of trucks passing near homes on weekdays

      

Never

52

55.7

  

1

 

Seldom

80

90.2

1.64 (0.84-3.59)

0.131

1.90 (0.90-4.09)

0.088

Frequently through the day

61

70.1

1.89 (0.87-4.11)

0.107

2.02 (0.91-4.47)

0.080

Almost all day

180

80.55

3.28 (1.69-6.35)

0.000

3.34 (1.70-6.55)

0.000

  1. aTotals for each risk factor are different due to difference in missing values.
  2. bValues that are statistically significant at less than 0.02 for the crude OR and less than 0.05 for the adjusted OR are in bold font.
  3. cModel adjusted for: Vigorous physical activity and residential heating fuel.
  4. dModel adjusted for: Vigorous physical activity, residential heating fuel and ETS exposure at home.
  5. eModel adjusted for: Residential heating fuel and frequency of trucks passing near homes.
Back to article page

Environmental Health

ISSN: 1476-069X