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Table 1 Study population characteristics across gender and racial/ethnic groups, NHANES 2001-2008

From: Gender and racial/ethnic differences in the associations of urinary phthalate metabolites with markers of diabetes risk: national health and nutrition examination survey 2001–2008

 

Gender

Race/ethnicity

 

Men (n = 1620)

Women (n = 1463)

White (n = 1362)

Black (n = 719)

Mexican-American (n = 726)

Other (n = 276)

 

Median (interquartile range)

Phthalate metabolites*

      

MEP

125.3

181.9

122.3

190.4

186.7

141.8

(57.8, 340.9)

(89.0, 425.6)

(55.0, 325.7)

(88.2, 428.1)

(86.6, 446.4)

(64.0, 346.6)

MBzP

10.4

13.4

11.5

13.1

11.0

12.0

(5.4, 19.5)

(7.1, 23.8)

(6.0, 20.9)

(7.2, 23.6)

(5.5, 20.4)

(6.1, 23.3)

MnBP

13.6

22.3

16.0

18.4

17.4

19.6

(8.7, 22.3)

(13.2, 35.9)

(9.6, 26.3)

(11.2, 28.6)

(10.5, 29.9)

(12.0, 32.6)

MiBP

3.8

4.9

3.5

5.0

4.6

6.4

(2.0, 6.6)

(2.6, 8.9)

(1.8, 6.1)

(2.8, 8.8)

(2.4, 8.0)

(3.3, 11.0)

MCPP

2.0

2.3

2.3

1.9

2.2

2.1

(1.2, 3.3)

(1.4, 4.0)

(1.4, 3.9)

(1.1, 3.2)

(1.3, 3.7)

(1.3, 3.9)

∑DEHP

9.5

11.5

10.2

11.4

9.8

11.4

(5.3, 19.7)

(6.5, 23.1)

(5.7, 22.6)

(5.8, 23.2)

(5.8, 17.8)

(7.1, 22.3)

Markers of diabetes risk

      

Fasting glucose (mg/dL)

96.9

93.0

96.0

92.0

95.7

95.0

(91.0, 104.0)

(88.0, 100.0)

(90.1, 103.2)

(87.0, 99.0)

(90.7, 102.0)

(90.0, 102.0)

Fasting insulin (uU/mL)

9.3

9.9

8.6

10.4

10.8

8.9

(6.0, 14.4)

(6.4, 15.2)

(5.6, 13.2)

(6.5, 17.1)

(7.1, 16.3)

(5.9, 13.9)

HOMA-IR

2.2

2.3

2.1

2.3

2.6

2.1

(1.4, 3.6)

(1.4, 3.7)

(1.3, 3.3)

(1.4, 4.0)

(1.7, 4.0)

(1.4, 3.3)

Selected covariates

      

Age (yrs)

33

34

42

24

25

32

(18, 52)

(18, 51)

(23, 59)

(16, 46)

(16, 44)

(18, 49)

BMI (kg/m2)**

26.0

26.5

26.1

26.0

26.4

25.6

(22.2, 29.8)

(22.1, 31.6)

(22.6, 30.3)

(21.8, 31.8)

(22.1, 30.3)

(21.7, 29.2)

Total caloric intake (kcal)

2399

1720

2101

1972

2028

1903

(1845, 3099)

(1342, 2187)

(1591, 2764)

(1459, 2680)

(1546, 2614)

(1401, 2617)

Creatinine (mg/dL)

147

116

125

165.0

124.0

132

(103, 208)

(72, 173)

(75, 176)

(110, 234)

(84, 175)

(89, 185)

  1. *Creatinine-adjusted phthalates: μg/g creatinine for MEP, MBzP, MnBP, MiBP and MCPP; μmol/100 g creatinine for ∑DEHP.
  2. **Number of subjects for BMI is slightly different due to missing values: male (1607), female (1447); white (1352), black (710), Mexican-American (710), other (271).